Background The resting metabolic rate (RMR) decrease, observed after an obesity reduction therapy is a determinant of a short-time weight regain. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate changes in RMR, and the associated hormonal alterations in obese patients with a very low-calorie ketogenic (VLCK)-diet induced severe body weight (BW) loss. Method From 20 obese patients who lost 20...

A surgical operation needing a general anaesthetic carries a greater risk to the child with diabetes than to the child without diabetes. I do not think it necessary nowadays to try and avoid general anaesthesia in the child with diabetes, but I do think that every such surgical procedure and anaesthetic should be taken seriously and a meticulous team approach adopted if peroperative hypoglycaem...

OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of type 2 diabetes in children and discuss short-term and long-term management strategies. METHODS We review the distinction among various types of diabetes mellitus as they apply to children. In addition, we discuss determining the precise diagnosis between the two major variants--type 1 and type 2 diabetes--and clinical management of type 2 diabetes in child...

The hormone-substrate milieu has been investigated in male fasted lean (C57BL/6-+/+) mice and mutant obese mice of the same strain (C57BL/6-obob). The lean mouse, in winter, mobilized insufficient fat (due to inadequate stores) to permit survival beyong 3 days and was unable to achieve any degree of conservation of vital protein stores. By contrast, in summer, the same animals survived 7 days a...

Serial serum amylase and blood glucose levels were measured in 68 hypothermic (rectal temperature 35 degrees C or less) patients, including 15 who had hypothermic myxoedema (serum protein bound iodine 3.5 mug/100 ml or less). Raised amylase levels were found in 34 patients and probably reflected a mild acute pancreatitis. The high amylase levels correlated with low arterial PO(2) levels and sig...

A new and simple form of insulin therapy for diabetic hyperglycaemia and ketoacidosis has been developed using a continuous intravenous infusion of insulin at a rate of 2.4 U/hr to maintain serum insulin concentration at physiological levels. This rate raises the mean serum insulin to 83 muU/ml and has a therapeutic effect which is not augmented by higher infusion rates. The response to such lo...

Hyperglycemia in acute stroke patients increases cerebral infarct size and worsens neurologic outcome with and without preexisting diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia results from metabolic alterations in glucose metabolism, and is most common in patients with acute illness such as stroke. Strict control of hyperglycemia with intensive insulin therapy has been shown to dramatically decrease hospit...

In Brief Hyperglycemia in the hospital setting affects 38-46% of noncritically ill hospitalized patients. Evidence from observational studies indicates that inpatient hyperglycemia, in patients with and without diabetes, is associated with increased risks of complications and mortality. Substantial evidence indicates that correction of hyperglycemia through insulin administration reduces hospit...

Diabetic ketoacidosis causes substantial morbidity and mortality.1 Though the management of acute diabetic ketoacidosis centers on correcting hyperglycemia and electrolyte abnormalities, other important metabolic derangements may be seen. Specifically, hypothermia may be both a cause and consequence of diabetic ketoacidosis, and the severity of the hypothermia correlates with the severity of th...