Experiments on ferromagnetic thin films have measured the dependence of the hysteresis loop area on the amplitude and frequency of the external field, A=A(H 0 , ω), and approximate agreement with numerical simulations of Ising models has been reported. Here we present numerical and theoretical calculations of A in the low-frequency regime for two values of H 0 , which bracket a temperature and ...

Conducting polymer actuators are biocompatible with a small footprint, and operate in air or liquid media under low actuation voltages. This makes them excellent actuators for macroand micro-manipulation devices, however, their positioning ability or accuracy is adversely affected by their hysteresis non-linearity under open-loop control strategies. In this paper, we establish a hysteresis mode...

studies of the magnetization of fe2o3@pt nanoparticles at room temperature showed that there is superparamagnetic contribution with high saturation magnetization about 12.35(emu/g), and soft ferromagnetic contribution with narrow coercive field about 58(oe). in this paper we fitted the hystersis loop of sample with brillouin function that demonstrating existence of superparamagnetic phase. tota...

We report, the first time to our knowledge, an observation of optical bistability in a Vertical-Cavity Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (VCSOA) operated in reflection mode. Counterclockwise hysteresis loops are obtained over a range of initial phase detuning and bias currents. One hysteresis loop is observed experimentally with an input power as low as 2 ìW when the device is biased at 98% of it...

Here we report anomalous double switching hysteresis loop and high coercivity (∼0.1 T) in Fe3O4(110) thin films. Our analytical model based on spin chains confined within small antiphase boundary domains (APBDs) suggests a significant proximity effect of antiferromagnetic antiphase boundaries (APBs). Furthermore, the calculated domain size (D) follows the well-known scaling relation D = C√t . T...

By using electric-field-induced optical second-harmonic generation (EFISHG) measurement, we analyzed hysteresis behavior of capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of IZO/polyterpenol (PT)/C60/pentacene/Au diodes, where PT layer is actively working as a hole-transport electron-blocking layer. The EFISHG measurement verified the presence of interface accumulated charges in the diodes, and show...

A numerical investigation of exchange coupled ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic multilayers with a twinned crystal structure for the antiferromagnet is presented. Motivated by recent experimental findings we focus on the influence of the directions of the magnetic field during the initial cooling procedure and during the hysteresis. Upon variation of these directions the ferromagnet displays diff...

The ability to actively control the shape of aerospace structures has led to the implementation of Shape Memory Alloy actuators. These actuators can be used for morphing or shape control by modulating their temperature, which is effectively done by applying a voltage difference across their length. Characterization of this temperaturestrain relationship is currently done using constitutive mode...

Cells progressing through the cell cycle must commit irreversibly to mitosis without slipping back to interphase before properly segregating their chromosomes. A mathematical model of cell-cycle progression in cell-free egg extracts from frog predicts that irreversible transitions into and out of mitosis are driven by hysteresis in the molecular control system. Hysteresis refers to toggle-like ...

The ability to actively control the shape of aerospace structures has spawned the use of shape memory alloy actuators. These actuators can be used for morphing or shape control by modulating their temperature, which is effectively done by applying a voltage difference across their length. Characterization of this temperature–strain relationship is currently done using constitutive models, which...