in this paper i will review the possibility,meaning and importance of comparative studies.although there are some increasing activities in this field, there are some obstacles in this comparison. these difficulties arise from hermeneutical meanings of the problems and the cultural diversities and the different approaches in the same problems. these matters bring the suspicion of impossibility a...

In information technology era, databases are known asone of the most valuable resources for organizations, especially usedin database marketing. Customer Equity is a key concept in DatabaseMarketing which integrates customer acquisition, retention and development.From the perspective of customer equity, customers are theprimary source of both current and future cash-flows. Customer equitymodels...

No one's sure what health reform will bring. But the time for providers to get agile is now" (Deloitte 2010). As an active participant in the national healthcare reform debate for the past several years, I have been troubled by the continued lack of a meaningful dialogue about healthcare in this country. A great deal has been written about the challenges presented by the sweeping healthcare ref...

In this paper I highlight the importance of incorporating the institutional features of local labor markets into the analysis of trade reforms. A trade reform is often deemed beneficial because the elimination of trade barriers allows labor to reallocate toward those sectors in the economy in which the country has a comparative advantage. The amount and speed of the reallocation, however, and t...

Let $M$ and $N$ be two finitely generated graded modules over a standard graded Noetherian ring $R=bigoplus_{ngeq 0} R_n$. In this paper we show that if $R_{0}$ is semi-local of dimension $leq 2$ then, the set $hbox{Ass}_{R_{0}}Big(H^{i}_{R_{+}}(M,N)_{n}Big)$ is asymptotically stable for $nrightarrow -infty$ in some special cases. Also, we study the torsion-freeness of graded generalized local ...

At this point, it is nearly impossible to escape discussion of the aging of the baby boom and its implications for Social Security. No set of reasonable demographic and economic assumptions yields a forecast of long-term solvency for the program as it exists today (Board of Trustees 1997; Congressional Budget Office (CBO) 1997). Some reform is necessary. The open questions are which reforms and...

rising global financial crisis and the necessities of facing its negative effects and taking advantage of opportunities rendered by crisis, should be noticed by economic authorities. in order to achieve above-mentioned purpose, this essay, in addition to present roots of financial crisis in the world economy, also will consider the crisis from theoric and economic aspects. considering dimension...