Objective(s) PDE3 has a functional role in insulin secretion and action. We investigated the metabolic effects of new synthetic PDE3 inhibitors (mc1, mc2, mc5 and mc6), on mice and hyperglycemic rat. Materials and Methods The test compound or solvent was injected subcutaneously to mice, for 7 days. On day 8, blood and liver samples were obtained. In hyperglycemic rat, 0.5 g/kg glucose with o...

Introduction: The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride (Cl−) channel is an essential component of epithelial Cl− transport systems in many organs. CFTR is mainly expressed in the lung and other tissues, such as testis, duodenum, trachea and kidney. The ubiquitin ligase neural precursor cells expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4-2 (Nedd4-2...

objective(s): umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ucb-mscs) are ideally suited for use in various cell-based therapies. we investigated a novel induction protocol (nip) to improve the neuronal differentiation of human ucb-mscs under appropriate conditions. materials and methods: this experimental study was performed in iranian blood transfusion organization (ibto), tehran, i...

Stimulation of the 8-adrenergic receptor of the intact frog erythrocyte resulted in increased cyclic AMP levels, but substantial effects could only be observed in the presence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Basal levels of cyclic AMP were about 0.1 to 0.2 pmol/liter of cells; incubation for 20 min with isoproterenol (lo-‘ M) plus isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) M) resulted in an increase to 15...

BACKGROUND The differentiation of fibroblast-like pre-adipocytes to lipid-loaded adipocytes is regulated by a network of transcription factors, the most prominent one being the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ. However, many of the other 47 members of the nuclear receptor superfamily have an impact on adipogenesis, which in human cells has not been investigat...

STEPHEN N. SMITH,1 STEPHEN J. DELANEY,2 JULIA R. DORIN,3 RAYMOND FARLEY,1 DUNCAN M. GEDDES,1 DAVID J. PORTEOUS,3 BRANDON J. WAINWRIGHT,2 AND ERIC W. F. W. ALTON1 1Ion Transport Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, London SW3 6LR, United Kingdom; 2Department for Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; and 3Medical Research Council Human Genetics Un...

Cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes (CEO), denuded oocytes (DO), or dissected follicles were obtained 44-48 hr after priming immature mice (20-23 days old) with 5 IU or immature rats (25-27 days old) with 12.5 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin, and exposed to a variety of culture conditions. Mouse oocytes were more effectively maintained in meiotic arrest by hypoxanthine, dbcAMP, IBMX, milrinone, a...

Methods An isolated model of the rat small bowel (1) was used. Intestines were stimulated with a 0.5 nmol PAF bolus via the mesenteric artery alone (PAF, n=5) or after pretreatment with IBMX (100μM) and forskolin (0.5μM) for 20 min (PAF+PDE/AC, n=4) to increase intracellular cAMP by inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) and stimulation of adenylate cyclase (AC). The pressure responses, the vasc...

249 words Introduction: 735 words Discussion: 1493 words d) ABBREVIATIONS: ABC, ATP-binding cassette transporter; ADO, adenosine; CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; EPAC, GTP-exchange protein activated by cAMP; FSK, forskolin; IBMX, 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine; MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblast; MRP, multidrug resistant protein; PDE, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase; PG...