Wire bonding has been used in integrated circuit (IC) packaging for many years. However, there are many challenges in wire bonding for optoelectronics packaging. These challenges include bonding on sensitive devices, bonding over cavity, bonding over cantilevel leads and bonding temperature limitations. The optoelectronics package design brings another challenge, which requires wire bonding to ...

This paper describes an image processing system that detects integrated circuits (ICs) in an image of a printed circuit board (PCB) and attempts to read the part label and identify the chip using optical character recognition (OCR). A prototype of the system was built using an Apple iPhone to acquire the images and display the results while a remote server running MATLAB performed the processing.

This paper is an informal summary of different encoding techniques from process calculi and distributed formalisms to graphic frameworks. The survey includes the use of solo diagrams, term graphs, synchronized hyperedge replacement systems, bigraphs, tile models and interactive systems, all presented at the Dagstuhl Seminar 04241. The common theme of all techniques recalled here is having a gra...

Due to the increased sensitivity of instrumentation, analytical detection limits can now reach ng/L (ppt) levels on a routine basis, and even pg/L (ppq) levels under certain conditions. Confidence in the data recorded for these trace analyses relies on the control of several conditions and parameters. Besides the technical performance of instruments, careful sample handling and reagent purity a...

Abstract This essay criticizes Joseph Raz’s service conception of authority on the basis its knowability condition. The condition states that for agents to be justified in following authoritative directives, they must able know (i.e., form reliable beliefs) issuing directives is fact legitimate. Three grounds concern are identified. first satisfaction normal justification thesis (NJT), which le...

Abstract Objectives Dispositional mindfulness (DM) is associated with emotion regulation (ER) in healthy populations and may be protective for individuals substance use disorders (SUD). We tested hypotheses concerning the associations of DM ER, mental health symptoms, drug severity, behavioral brain metabolic responses during an emotional Go-Nogo task. Methods Women entering SUD treatment progr...

Abstract This study aims to ascertain digital natives’ perceptions regarding internal social media (ISM) use in corporate contexts. Consulting company surveys, although limited as scientific evidence, revealed that natives would, if they had choice, quit their jobs the next two years, showing engaging them is already a challenge. However, there gap literature workplace behaviors remain unexamin...