BACKGROUND Flawed or misleading articles may be retracted because of either honest scientific errors or scientific misconduct. This study explored the characteristics of retractions in medical journals published in Korea through the KoreaMed database. METHODS We retrieved retraction articles indexed in the KoreaMed database from January 1990 to January 2016. Three authors each reviewed the de...

BACKGROUND The current study was carried out to compare the amount of tooth movement during canine retraction comparing two different retraction mechanics; friction mechanics represented by a NiTi closed coil spring versus frictionless mechanics represented by T - loop, and their effect on root resorption using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). METHOD Ten patients were selected in a split...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Rotator cuff disorders are prevalent and can cause pain and reduced range of motion and strength. Accurate, noninvasive diagnosis of rotator cuff disorders is therefore important. In this work, we study the relationship between several three-dimensional (3D) shape measurements of the supraspinatus and its pathologic conditions. The objective is to explore the utility of...

The phenomenon of growth cone (GC) and neurite retraction resulting from a rapid incrase in concentration of the trophic molecule NGF was studied. Neurite outgrowth from explants of 8-d chick embryo dorsal root ganglia was achieved at very low NGF concentrations with heart conditioned medium during overnight culture. Quickly incrasing the NGF concentration in the growth medium dramatically affe...

Abstract We establish new results on the ‐approximation property for Banach operator ideal of unconditionally p ‐compact operators in case . As a consequence our results, we provide negative answer problem posed by Kim. Namely, implies neither nor (classical) approximation property; and property. Here, denotes Sinha Karn also show all that there is closed subspace fails

In order to obtain an adequate impression of demarcation line area of a prepared tooth located in or below the gingival edge it is necessary to perform the dilatation and drying of the gingival sulcus using retraction cord impregnated with adequate retraction agents. The aim of the study was to carry out comparative analysis of advantages and disadvantages of commercially available gingival ret...

We characterize strong F-regularity, a property associated with tight closure, in a large class of rings. A special case of our results is a workable criterion in complete intersection rings. Tight closure is a recently introduced operation linked to a variety of results in commutative algebra. Among the major results achieved with its use are a generalization of the Direct Summand Conjecture f...

Let R be an integral domain and I a nonzero ideal of R. An ideal J ⊆ I is a t-reduction of I if (JI)t = (I)t for some positive integer n; and I is t-basic if it has no t-reduction other than the trivial ones. This paper investigates t-reductions of ideals in pullback constructions of type . Section 2 examines the correlation between the notions of reduction and t-reduction in pseudo-valuation d...

By a multi-pointed category we mean a category C equipped with a so called ideal of null morphisms, i.e. a class N of morphisms satisfying f ∈ N ∨ g ∈ N ⇒ fg ∈ N for any composable pair f, g of morphisms. Such categories are precisely the categories enriched in the category of pairs X = (X,N) where X is a set and N is a subset of X, whereas a pointed category has the same enrichment, but restri...