An important feature of SNOMED CT is post-coordination, which is enabled as SNOMED CT specifies refinability of target concepts of relationships. In this paper the use of refinable relationships in SNOMED CT is analysed, and the interplay between refinable and defining relationships. Refinability is used in 10 out of 61 relationships, and the interplay between refinable and defining relationshi...

In this paper we compare the architecture of early computing devices trying to understand if they contain the minimal structure needed to qualify as universal computers. Our intention is to bring some order into the discussion about the inventor or inventors of the computer by adopting a clear cut definition of such devices. We consider the minimal structure and the minimal instruction set comp...

The rise of the for-profit hospital industry has opened a debate about the level of community benefits provided by non-profit hospitals. Do nonprofits provide enough community benefits to justify the community's commitment of resources to them, and the tax-exempt status they receive? If nonprofit hospitals convert to for-profit entities, would community benefits be lost in the transaction? This...

Excerpt] In this paper, we argue that there remain several unanswered questions surrounding selfassessments of knowledge that must be addressed before we can reach a more definitive conclusion on the viability of these measures. The answers to these questions may provide further evidence that self-assessments should not be used as an indicator of learning or they may serve to qualify the condit...