The increase in the prevalence of obesity represents a worldwide phenomenon in all age groups and is pathologically and genetically correlated with several metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, representing the most frequent age-related diseases. Obesity superimposed on aging drastically increases chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), which is an important link between obesity, insuli...

Increasing knowledge on the regulation of immune responses over the past decade has made it clear that the immune system is involved in complex interactions with most, if not all, of the biological systems responsible for normal homeostasis. The evidence for important interplays between the immune and endocrine systems has launched the whole new field of neuroimmunoendocrinology which has attra...

It has been shown that dietary materials are involved in immune regulation in the intestine. Lipids mediate immune regulation through a complex metabolic network that produces many kinds of lipid mediators. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid mediator that controls cell trafficking and activation. In this review, we focus on the immunological functions of S1P in the regulation of intestina...

Chronic lung disease determines the morbidity and mortality of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The pulmonary immune response in CF is characterized by an early and non-resolving activation of the innate immune system, which is dysregulated at several levels. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of innate immunity in CF lung disease, involving (i) epithelial dysfunction, (ii) pathogen sensing...

Increasing knowledge on the regulation of immune responses over the past decade has made it clear that the immune system is involved in complex interactions with most, if not all, of the biological systems responsible for normal homeostasis. The evidence for important interplays between the immune and endocrine systems has launched the whole new field of neuroimmunoendocrinology which has attra...

We describe a simple approach for assaying immune complexes from serum by usinganti-lgG as the indicatorafter a three-step extraction procedure with polyethylene glycol. Analysisof the data indicatesthat assaysof suchextractsfor immune complexes by absorbance nephelometry, kinetic light scatter, and immunoradiometric techniques correlate well. For 116 samples, results by absorbance nephelometry...

A complex web of dynamic relationships between innate and adaptive immunity is now evident for many autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders, the first deriving from abnormal activation of innate immune system without any conventional danger triggers and the latter from self-/non-self-discrimination loss of tolerance, and systemic inflammation. Due to clinical and pathophysiologic similarities...

Human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its murine model, MRL lpr/lpr mice, are well known to develop a wide range of symptoms, such as glomerulonephritis, dermatitis, and arthritis, as an immune-complex disease. However, the deposition of circulating immune complex does not fully explain the tissue specificity of disease. Tissue-specific autoantigens may also be involved in tissue inflamm...