Electrode arrays interfacing with peripheral nerves are essential for neuromodulation devices targeting peripheral organs to relieve symptoms. To modulate (i.e., single-unit recording and stimulating) individual peripheral nerve axons remains a technical challenge. Here, we report an in vitro setup to allow simultaneous single-unit recordings from multiple mouse sciatic nerve axons. The sciatic...

Currents through single-ion channels were recorded in the cell-attached configuration from locus ceruleus neurons enzymatically dissociated from newborn rats. When the selective mu opioid receptor agonist Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-MePhe-Gly-ol was in the patch-clamp electrode, unitary inward currents were observed with conductance of approximately 45 pS (measured at zero pipette potential, with 150 mM pota...

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 1-mercaptoanthraquinone (AQSC0), bis(3-(1-anthraquinonylthio)propyl)disulfide (AQSC3) and bis(6-(1-anthraquinononylthio)hexyl)disulfide (AQSC6), on a gold electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS). A redox wave was observed for all the anthraquinone (AQ) derivatives and the redox potential...

A sensing materiel based on calix[4]arene molecules is electrochemically deposited on ITO electrode coated. A brown film was electrodeposited at a potential Eimp = -1.00 V versus SCE in acetonitrile solvent, however in dichloromethane solvent, a bluish film auto-assembled on the ITO electrode coated at a potential Eimp = -0.65 V versus SCE. Both films are subsequently analyzed by cyclic voltamm...

We report on an indium-free and cost-effective Cu2O/Cu/Cu2O multilayer mesh electrode grown by room temperature roll-to-roll sputtering as a viable alternative to ITO electrodes for the cost-effective production of large-area flexible touch screen panels (TSPs). By using a low resistivity metallic Cu interlayer and a patterned mesh structure, we obtained Cu2O/Cu/Cu2O multilayer mesh electrodes ...

RATIONALE Personalizing transcranial stimulations promises to enhance beneficial effects for individual patients. OBJECTIVE To stimulate specific cortical regions by developing a procedure to bend and position custom shaped electrodes; to probe the effects on cortical excitability produced when the properly customized electrode is targeting different cortical areas. METHOD An ad hoc neurona...

Aim: In this naturalistic study the aim was to examine the impact on seizure duration of stimulus intensity, previous treatments (during the first course of ECT), age, gender, and electrode placement. Method: The database of the ECT Service of the Royal Hobart Hospital was examined for the 15 years ending in 2010. First courses of ECT were identified in which the stimulus intensity was not alte...

The corrosion and protection behaviour of mild steel embedded in concrete, and partially immersed in 3.5% sodium chloride solution, was studied in this investigation at ambient temperature by potential monitoring technique. The work was performed with a digital multimeter and a Cu/CuSO4 electrode (CSE) as the reference electrode. Extracts of pawpaw (carica papaya) leaves and sodium nitrite in d...

Nitrogen is often used as an inert background atmosphere in solid state studies of electrode and reaction kinetics, of solid state studies of transport phenomena, and in applications e.g. solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), sensors and membranes. Thus, chemical and electrochemical reactions of oxides related to or with dinitrogen are not supposed and in general not considered. We demonstrate by a st...

Abstract: Compared with other lightning targets on the ground, the most notable feature of a wind turbine is that the blades are usually in a rotating state when lightning strikes. To study the mechanism of blade rotation influencing wind turbine on triggering lightning, lightning discharge comparison tests based on a typical 2-MW 1:30-scaled wind turbine model with an arching high-voltage elec...