1.0 BACKGROUND AND SCOPE OF GUIDELINES An important complication of chronic liver disease is osteodystrophy which includes osteoporosis and the much rarer osteomalacia. Both conditions are associated with significant morbidity through fractures resulting in pain, deformity, and immobility. There is also a further significant increase in the risk of fractures following liver transplantation for ...

productivity of an oil well is an important parameter in any oil field development. low production rate of the wells, impose more production wells drilling which directly jeopardizes the economical feasibility of the project. oil production rate in some of the wells is very low due to low permeability of the reservoir rock. several practice like hydraulic fracturing and acid fracturing is very ...

introduction: this study was conducted to determine the pattern of maxillofacial fractures in three age groups of adults, adolescents, and children, using ct scan images. methods: in this cross-sectional study, ct scan images of 230 patients with maxillofacial trauma during one year were examined in terms of the number and site of fractures. the patients were divided into three age groups, chil...

background: humerus fractures include 5% to 8% of total fractures. non-:union: and delayed :union: of gt (gt) fractures is uncommon; however they present a challenge to the orthopedic surgeons. significant controversy surrounds optimal treatment of neglected fractures. the purpose of this article was to perform a comparative study to evaluate the outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation...

Heat extraction from deep, hot rocks for energy production is based on water circulation through a man made fracture or natural fractures. As multiple and non-planar fractures in a stress field affect the geothermal reservoir behavior, so the capability to simulate multiple fractures and joints is needed to help reservoir design and operation. A 3D model is developed in this work to simulate an...

Taken once a year, intravenous zoledronic acid (Zol) (Reclast® or Aclasta®) is a third-generation nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate that is effective compared with placebo in reducing the risk of fractures in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and recent low-trauma hip fracture. In glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, there is no significant difference between Zol and risedronate for ne...