The phyllosphere is colonized by complex microbial communities, which are adapted to the harsh habitat. Although the role and ecology of nonpathogenic microorganisms of the phyllosphere are only partially understood, leaf microbiota could have a beneficial role in plant growth and health. Pesticides and biocontrol agents are frequently applied to grapevines, but the impact on nontarget microorg...

Defining sustainable agricultural practices requires an understanding of both aboveand below-ground consequences to management strategies. While alternatives to biocides are sought for the control of weeds, insects and pathogens, biocide use will continue with the goal of reducing quantities used in an integrated approach. The impact of three fungicides on plant growth, seed yield, seed nutrien...

In this study the effects of different levels of industrial wastes on growth traits and metal accumulation in aerial portions were determined for Populusxeuramericana clone I-214. The experiment started in April 2003. Scions of Populusxeuramericana clone I-214, were grown outdoor near Pisa (Italy), in lisimeters filled with soil naturally present in the land around the experimental site, were d...

At the beginning of the 1990s, the holonic manufacturing paradigm was proposed (among others) to meet the upcoming challenges in the manufacturing industry. Even though the holonic idea is appealing, its implementation would revolutionize the way manufacturing is done today and thus needs to be thoroughly evaluated before it can be adopted. To this end, an industrial feasibility study for (auto...

The present paper introduces a new algorithm for industrial processes by using neural network (N.N). The suggested method aims to make a combination between PLC and N.N. PLC (programmable logic control) is a good method for controlling any industrial processing but it did not have full picture about this process in any time. Neural network can made a survey on the process at all time. Learning ...

Industrial control systems are a vital part of the critical infrastructure. The potentially large impact of a failure makes them attractive targets for adversaries. Unfortunately, simplistic approaches to intrusion detection using protocol analysis or näıve statistical estimation techniques are inadequate in the face of skilled adversaries who can hide their presence with the appearance of legi...

Belén Marquez-Garcia1,y, Daniel Shaw, James William Cooper, Barbara Karpinska, Marian Dorcas Quain1,z, Eugene Matome Makgopa, Karl Kunert and Christine Helen Foyer* Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK and Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Plant Science Department, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa * For corresp...

The application of modern biotechnology to plant breeding is considered to be more efficient and quicker than conventional breeding techniques in the development of new and more resilient crop varieties. To test the impact that biotechnology is having on a industrial plant breeding activities, we relate firm level Plant Variety Protection Certificate (PVPC) applications to corresponding expendi...

A techno-economic evaluation for efficient use of energy in a large scale industrial plant of methanol is carried out. This assessment is based on integration of a gas turbine with an existing plant of methanol in which the outlet gas products of exothermic reactor is expanded to power generation. Also, it is decided that methanol production rate is constant through addition of power generation...

Plant shutdowns shape industry productivity, the dynamics of employment, and industrial restructuring. Plant closures account for more than half of gross job destruction in U.S. manufacturing. This paper examines the effects of firm structure on U.S. manufacturing plant closures. Plants belonging to multiplant firms and those owned by U.S. multinationals are less likely to exit. However, the su...