Microbially mediated insoluble technetium (Tc) formation was studied using surface water covering paddy fields. Surface water samples were collected from three kinds of flooded paddy soils: andosol, gley soil, and gray lowland soil. Insoluble Tc (> 0.2 μm in size) was formed in all surface water samples and the amounts ranged from 48.7 ± 2.2% of total Tc (gley soil) to 88.5 ± 3.1% (gray lowland...

background: mosquitoes transmit several diseases to human. there are several measures for control of larvae. as part of integrated vector management (ivm) program, the utility of floating layers of polystyrene beads (eps) is a po­ten­tial alternative in habitats of mosquito larva. eps beads prevent oviposition of mosquito as well as killing the im­ma­ture stages by forming a tick layer on the w...

As the global climate changes, the higher latitudes are seen to be warming significantly faster. It is likely that the Arctic biome will experience considerable shifts in ice melt season length, leading to changes in photoirradiance and in the freshwater inputs to the marine environment. The exchange of nutrients between Arctic surface and deep waters and their cycling throughout the water colu...

Article history: Received 30 September 2007 Received in revised form 21 December 2007 Available online 8 March 2008 Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), from springs and diffuse seepage, has long been recognized as a source of chemical constituents to the coastal ocean. Because groundwater is two to four orders of magnitude enriched in radon compared to surface water, it has been used as both...

in order to study the role of photosynthetic tissues on grain filling and remobilization of stem reserves under terminal drought, a pot experiment as semi-field was conducted as two-factor factorial in complete randomized design with three replicates at research farm of agriculture college of vali – e – asr university of rafsanjan during january to june 2012 . first factor was source strength r...

[1] The Amazon Basin is crucial to global circulatory and carbon patterns due to the large areal extent and large flux magnitude. Biogeophysical models have had difficulty reproducing the annual cycle of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon in some regions of the Amazon, generally simulating uptake during the wet season and efflux during seasonal drought. In reality, the opposite occurs. Obse...

Objective(s): Due to nanocomposites antimicrobial properties, one of the most extensive usages of nano-products is in packing industry. Thus, the production of packages with nanotechnology can effectively prevent against a variety of microorganisms. In this study, the silicon dioxide nanoparticles the poly (lactic acid) PLA films on antimicrobial and permeability was investigated. Methods...

Index words: Coupled Ice-Ocean Model Ice modeling Lake ice cover Ice thickness Ice speed Lake surface temperature Great Lakes Lake Erie To simulate ice and water circulation in Lake Erie over a yearly cycle, a Great Lakes Ice-circulation Model (GLIM) was developed by applying a Coupled Ice-Ocean Model (CIOM) with a 2-km resolution grid. The hourly surface wind stress and thermodynamic forcings ...

Despite the importance of the coupling between vegetation dynamics and root-zone soil moisture in land-atmosphere interactions, there is no land data assimilation system (LDAS) that currently addresses this issue, limiting the capacity to positively impact weather and seasonal forecasting. We develop a new LDAS that can improve the skill of an ecohydrological model to simulate simultaneously su...