Introduction: Large amounts of water ice exist on Mars, but the presence of pure liquid water is inhibited by the planet's low temperature [1]. However, liquid saline water or brines can be present because many salts can depress the freezing temperature below current values [1-8]. The Phoenix Mars Mission discovered salts [9] in the soil of its landing site in the martian Arctic capable of depr...

in this paper the density and temperature dependencies of surface tension are investigated. using the lennard-jones (12,6), as an effective pair interaction potential, a linear expression is derived for isotherms of g /r2  versus r2 for some normal and chlorofluorocarbons (cfcs) fluids, where  is surface tension and r = 1/v is molar density. the linearity behavior of the derived equation is wel...

a second virial coefficient correlation suitable for two different temperatures ranges, (t*)-2£180 and (t*)-2>180, where t* is rt/dhvap is presented. the equation of state can be calculated for different, complicated non-polar, and slightly polar liquid mixtures at any temperature over the range from ttp to tc and up to high pressures. the latent heat of vaporization and density at the triple p...

Molecular dynamics simulations have been employed to investigate the boiling phenomena of thin liquid films adsorbed on a nanostructured solid surface. The molecular system was comprised of the following: solid platinum wall, liquid argon, and argon vapor. A few layers of the liquid argon were placed on the nanoposts decorated solid surface. The nanoposts height was varied keeping the liquid fi...

We discuss a class of flat FRW cosmological models based on D=4 axion-dilaton gravity universally coupled to cosmological background fluids. In particular, we investigate the possibility of recurrent acceleration, which was recently shown to be generically realized in a wide class of axion-dilaton models, but in absence of cosmological background fluids. We observe that, once we impose the exis...

Abstract: The present chapter highlights the problems facing when modelling the marine environment, in particular for biochemical aspects. It is shown how the marine environment differs from other fluids and how this affects modelling. General modelling approaches are shown and the problem of the vaste range of scales encountered is adressed. In addition to mathematical modelling problems, prac...

T he major reason for monitoring intraoperative temperature is for detection of fever, malignant hyperthermia, and hypothermia. Inadvertent hypothermia-defined by an absolute core temperature <36”C-is by far the most common perioperative thermal disturbance. However, hypothermia may be difficult to evaluate using liquid-crystal thermography, because skin temperatures are l-4°C less than core te...

The growth of a vapour bubble in a superheated liquid of variable surface tension and viscosity between two finite boundaries is introduced. The problem is solved analytically using the modified method of Plesset and Zwick method. The pressure difference is described in terms of temperature difference and initial pressure difference. The surface tension, viscosity, and initial and final time of...

Atmospheric particles containing organic species and inorganic salts may undergo liquid–liquid phase separation when the relative humidity varies between high and low values. To better understand the parameters that affect liquid–liquid phase separation in atmospheric particles, we studied the effects of molecular weight and temperature on liquid–liquid phase separation in particles containing ...