atropine (at) and oximes, alone or in combination, have been proven greatly valuable therapeutics in the treatment of organophosphates intoxications. an injectable mixture of at and obidoxime (ob) was formulated for administration by automatic self-injector. the aqueous single dose solution contained 275 mg obidoxime chloride and 2.5 mg atropine sulfate per 1 ml (220 mg and 2 mg per 0.8 effecti...

abstract background: the aim of this study was to compare the effects of the second- and third-generation oral contraceptives on women’s reproductive sexual function. materials and methods: this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 82 married women of reproductive age in tehran. samples were randomized into the groups receiving second- and third-generatio...

CONTEXT Nearly one-quarter of women who obtain medical contraceptive services receive care from clinics operated by publicly funded agencies. In light of changes in government policy and funding and in the structure of health care financing, an assessment of agency policies and programs is essential for monitoring women's access to contraceptive care and services. METHODS In 1999, 637 of a na...

Introduction: Breast feeding may pose a further challenge to uptake of contraception by possibly restricting use of certain methods for real or perceived risks of side effects. Methodology: A retrospective study was done at the Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna. Available family planning clinic client cards from January 1st, 2000 to March 31st, 2014 were retrieved and information collected ...

objective: this study sought to assess the attitude of healthcare providers towards providing contraceptives for unmarried adolescents in four local government areas in ibadan, nigeria. materials and methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 490 healthcare providers in 24 randomly selected healthcare facilities using self-administered, pre-tested questionnaires. results: ...

BACKGROUND In South Africa, where health care resources are limited, it is important to ensure that drugs provision and use is rational. The Essential Drug List includes depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and norethisterone oenanthate (NET-EN) as injectable progestagen-only contraceptives (IPCs), and both products are extensively used. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS Utilisation patterns of the ...

CONTEXT In 1993, coverage of reversible contraception by U.S. health insurance plans was extremely low. Little is known about how coverage has changed since then, particularly in response to state mandates. METHODS In 2001-2002, a nationally representative sample of 205 health care insurers responded to a survey about coverage of reproductive health care services in "typical" employment-based...

BACKGROUND A recent observational study among HIV-1 serodiscordant couples (uninfected women living with an infected partner) raised concerns about the safety of injectable contraceptives, especially depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). The purpose of this paper is to assess the implications of potentially elevated risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) acquisition with the use of horm...

OBJECTIVE The contraceptive needs of illicit opioid users differ from non-drug users but are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to describe contraceptive use and pregnancy outcomes in opioid-using women, and to examine their association with a range of risk factors. METHOD This retrospective cohort study used UK general practice records, Treatment Outcomes Profile and National Drug ...

been rising, it represents only 20% of method use among 15–44-year-old women.7 In addition, the widespread availability of modern, efficient contraceptives—sterilization, the pill, IUD, implant and injectable—contributes to low rates of condom use. However, while these methods are more effective than barrier methods at preventing pregnancy, do not reduce sensitivity or pleasure during intercour...