The reasons were clear: before the InSAR era crustal deformation was measured using very time-consuming, ground based methods, as leveling, triangulation, trilateration; all requiring costly networks and measurement campaigns. The same was true for the GPS technique, appeared only few years before. SAR interferometry made things simpler and cheaper, although with some limitations; probably the ...

Next-generation interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) systems may provide the basis for establishing an earthquake-forecasting capability within a twenty-year time frame. Such systems would need to provide data with fine temporal resolution, so the system architecture would need to allow for wide-area coverage in order to minimize the effective interferometric repeat time. This paper...

The atmospheric artifacts in interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) measurements are a large error source in accurately estimating terrain deformation signals [1]. For example, the large magnitude, high spatial frequency atmospheric bubbles can easily be misinterpreted as deformation phenomena [2, 3]. Various InSAR time series techniques, such as the Permanent Scatterer (PS) and Small...

Correlation between Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) pairs is essential for accurate interferometric phase estimation and digital elevation model (DEM) reconstruction. In this paper, a SAR simulator capable of generating Rayleigh and K-distributed terrain clutter and estimating correlation between InSAR passes will be presented. Furthermore, this simulator will be used to study ...

We investigate the potential of combined features of aerial images and high-resolution interferometric SAR (InSAR) data for building detection in urban areas. It is shown that completeness and correctness may be increased if we integrate both InSAR double-bounce lines and 3D lines of stereo data in addition to building hints of a single optical orthophoto. In order to exploit context informatio...

Differential SAR Interferometry (D-InSAR) is an effective tool in monitoring land subsidence because of its greater coverage area and better resolution of height change. A series of Japanese Earth Resources Satallite-1 (JERS-1) images from 1992 to 1998 has been used in monitoring the mine subsidence in the test site of this study, one of the important coal mining areas in China. D-InSAR procedu...

InSAR signal delays due to the varying atmospheric refractivity are a potential data source to improve weather models [1]. Especially with the launch of the new Sentinel-1 satellites, which increases data coverage, latency and accessibility, it may become possible to operationalize the assimilation of differential integrated refractivity (DIR) values in numerical weather models. Although studie...

Tropospheric delays are considered to be one of the main performance limitations for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar technology when applied to ground deformation monitoring. In this study, we evaluate the performance of ERA-Interim global atmospheric reanalysis on estimating the tropospheric delay on Sentinel-1 InSAR observations. The results are validated by four D-InSAR interferogra...

This paper focuses on the performance achievable by spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) in the estimation of line-of-sight crustal deformations from acquisitions over a distributed scatterer. Our model is suited for exploiting the Hybrid Cramér-Rao Bound (HCRB), where the unknowns are both deterministic parameters and stochastic variables. We take into account both target...

The new high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite systems offer new possibilities for urban remote sensing. COSMOSkyMed and TerraSAR-X operate in X-band and both can deliver data with a spatial resolution of up to one meter. High-resolution SAR data is particularly useful for post-disaster damage assessment and monitoring, because SAR systems operate (almost) weather independent....