OBJECTIVE The goal was to develop a new index of insulin sensitivity in patients with type 1 diabetes estimated from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and subcutaneous insulin delivery data under carefully controlled conditions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The database consists of 12 subjects with type 1 diabetes, studied during breakfast, lunch, and dinner, in a clinical research unit, wea...

OBJECTIVE To determine if glucose and C-peptide values obtained as part of the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study could be used to estimate insulin sensitivity during late pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 78 women enrolled in the HAPO study were recruited for this ancillary study. Venous plasma samples were drawn after an 8- to 10-h fast (time 0) and at 30...

Insulin resistance is highly prevalent in Asian Indians and contributes to worldwide public health problems, including diabetes and related disorders. Surrogate measurements of insulin sensitivity/resistance are used frequently to study Asian Indians, but these are not formally validated in this population. In this study, we compared the ability of simple surrogate indices to accurately predict...

OBJECTIVE To characterize the insulin sensitivity of overweight and obese 5- to 10-year-old (Tanner stage 1-3) African-American children screened for participation in a diabetes prevention study and to identify the association of insulin sensitivity with obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Measures of insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment) and ins...

Department of Diabetology, Clinical Center of Endocrinology and Gerontology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria *Corresponding author’s E-mail: [email protected] Tel: +359888343952 Insulin resistance or reduced insulin sensitivity is a key pathogenetic defect of type 2 diabetes mellitus and well established cardiovascular risk factor. The determination of insulin sensitivity and identification ...

It has long been known that acute exercise can dramatically improve insulin sensitivity in previously insulin-resistant muscle; however, the precise mechanisms underlying this clinically significant interaction remain unknown. Using hindlimb perfusions in obese Zucker rats, our group found that acute muscle contraction synergistically improved insulin-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal mu...

Holloszy, John O. Exercise-induced increase in muscle insulin sensitivity. J Appl Physiol 99: 338–343, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00123.2005.—Exercise/muscle contraction activates glucose transport. The increase in muscle glucose transport induced by exercise is independent of insulin. As the acute effect of exercise on glucose transport wears off, it is replaced by an increase in insulin s...

background: pioglitazone from thiazolidinediones generation, represent a new antidiabetic drugs that have been introduced in the world recently. thiazolidinediones can improve insulin resistance by activating the nuclear peroxoxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (ppar-γ) and increasing insulin sensitivity in their receptors. insulin and its receptors are found in specific areas of cns with...

background: we investigated the effects of withania somnifera root (ws) on insulin resistance, tumor necrosis factor α (tnf-α), and interleukin-6 (il-6) in fructose-fed rats. methods: forty-eight wistar-albino male rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=12); group i as control, group ii as sham-treated with ws by 62.5mg/g per diet, group iii fructose-fed rats received 10%w/v fructose, a...

OBJECTIVE To derive indexes for muscle and hepatic insulin sensitivity from the measurement of plasma glucose and insulin concentrations during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 155 subjects of Mexican-American origin (58 male and 97 female, aged 18-70 years, BMI 20-65 kg/m(2)) with normal glucose tolerance (n = 100) or impaired glucose tolerance (n...