The Internal Ratings Based (IRB) approach suggested in the New Basel Accord regulations (BIS 2005) uses a capital allocation formula derived from a Merton style structural model of the credit risk of portfolios of corporate loans. Yet this formula is being applied in the case of consumer loans as well as corporate loans. This has highlighted that although there are a number of well established ...

We investigate differences in the characteristics and performance of securitized loans versus loans held on lenders’ balance sheets using a unique data set of commercial mort­ gages. The main findings are as follows. First, consistent with risk-sharing being a likely reason for securitization, loan size strongly predicts the likelihood of securiti­ zation. The largest 10% of loans have a 44% ch...

Dynamic incentives, where incentives to repay are generated by granting access to future loans, is one of the methodologies used by microfinance institutions (MFIs). In this paper, I present a model of dynamic incentives where lenders are uncertain over how much borrowers value future loans. Loan terms are determined endogenously, and loans become more favorable as the probability of default be...

Abstract: At the macro level, the time-series of the amounts of loans granted (a flow) and repaid (a flow) to the banking system in each period are not available. The information on these flows is important in many analyses, such as the impact of the bank lending on investment outlays. However, one can get the information concerning the structure of loans (a stock variable) regarding their dura...

The prosody of a prototypical Norwegian word is characterized by the following properties: (i) it is disyllabic, (ii) the initial syllable is bimoraic and stressed, and (iii) the final syllable is monomoraic and unstressed (Kristoffersen 2000). The weight of the initial syllable can be realized either with a long vowel or by closing the syllable, e.g. with a geminate. Norwegian words can also b...

We present a banking model with imperfect competition in which borrowers’ access to credit is improved when banks are able to transfer credit risks. However, the market for credit risk transfer (CRT) works smoothly only if the quality of loans is public information. If the quality of loans is private information, banks have an incentive to grant unprofitable loans in order to transfer them to o...

The existing experimental evidence on returns to capital is based randomisation of either interest-bearing loans or grants. This paper reports a field experiment conducted in Pakistan whic...

Danish mortgage loans have several features that make them interesting: Shortterm revolving adjustable-rate mortgages are available, as well as fixed-rate, 10-, 20or 30-year annuities that contain embedded options (call and delivery options). The decisions faced by a mortgagor are therefore non-trivial, both in terms of deciding on an initial mortgage, and in terms of managing (rebalancing) it ...

In this paper we study an economy with a high degree of financialization in which (nonfinancial) firms need loans from commercial banks to finance production, service debt, and make long-term investments. Along the business cycle, the economy follows a Minsky base cycle with firms traversing through the various stages of financial fragility, i.e. hedge, speculative and Ponzi finance (cf., Minsk...

We investigate key factors affecting lenders’ bidding strategies using three measurements for the popularity of loans: funding success, number of bids, and funding time. Also, we analyze borrowers’ strategy in three groups according to the level of their expertise of online Peer-to-Peer lending: novice borrowers, pure borrowers, and mixed borrowers (as both borrower and lender). We use data fro...