the growing demand for enhanced esthetic appearance has led to great developments in bleaching products. the exposure of hard tissues of the tooth to bleaching agents can affect the roughness of the enamel surface. the freshly bleached enamel surface exposed to various surface treatments such as fluoride and other remineralizing agents have been assessed in this study. the aim of this experimen...

Government agencies and transportation engineers use pavement management systems (PMS) to evaluate performance keep above the minimum acceptable standards. The Pavement Condition Index (PCI) international roughness index (IRI) are among most commonly used indices conditions. Due IRI data collection being more accessible less expensive than collecting distress data, this study aims develop PCI m...

Integrated optics and silicon photonics is a rapidly maturing technology progressing in telecom, computation, sensing. Surface-roughness-induced scattering the primary source of optical loss most photonic integrated circuits, as such, ultimately limits performance their applications. However, closed-form description for arbitrary refractive index profiles remains lacking, even though such one e...

We review recent theoretical progress on the dynamics of brittle crack fronts and its relationship to the roughness of fracture surfaces. We discuss the possibility that the intermediate scale roughness of cracks, which is characterized by a roughness exponent approximately equal to 0.5, could be caused by the generation, during local instabilities by depinning, of diffusively broadened corruga...

Accurate description of soil surface topography is essential because different tillage tools produce different soil surface roughness conditions, which in turn affects many processes across the soil surface boundary. Advantages of fractal analysis in soil microrelief assessment have been recognised but the use of fractal indices in practice remains challenging. There is also little information ...

This paper discusses the continuation of the research work started in 2004. The previous results have been published both in ASPRS and ISPRS conferences. Now we intend to emphasize the latest developments and extended application areas of the system. Due to the increasing demand of the transportation authorities for rapid, accurate data acquisition about the road pavement, a mobile mapping syst...