—The anomaly zone presents a major challenge to the accurate resolution of 1 many parts of the Tree of Life. The anomaly zone is defined by the presence of a gene tree 2 topology that is more probable than the true species tree. This discrepancy can result from 3 consecutive rapid speciation events in the species tree. Similar to the problem of 4 long-branch attraction, including more data (loc...

Concerns about the deleterious effects of missing data may often determine which characters and taxa are included in phylogenetic analyses. For example, researchers may exclude taxa lacking data for some genes or exclude a gene lacking data in some taxa. Yet, there may be very little evidence to support these decisions. In this paper, I review the effects of missing data on phylogenetic analyse...

Attribution theory predicts that actions seen as specifically directed toward a person have greater impact than those not so directed. It was hypothesized that agreement between self-evaluation and another's evaluation increases personalism of received evaluations, increasing both impact and tendency to reciprocate liking or disliking. In a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design, 66 subjects received a hig...

The article presents the results of an empirical study relationship between interpersonal relationships and self-actualization personality spouses. In psychology, problem spouses has not yet been sufficiently developed. subject was quantitative qualitative indicators self-actualization, harmonious / disharmonious interaction; emotional attitude; understanding, attraction, respect, satisfaction ...

The article reveals the peculiarities of communication between men and women in terms their professional activity. interpersonal relationships colleagues are analyzed, as well married couples’ attitude to extramarital affairs. relationship marital satisfaction, self-control assessment communication, leadership self-esteem expression sympathy attraction opposite sex disclosed. results showed tha...

Although mate preference research has firmly established that men value physical attractiveness more than women do and women value social status more than men do, recent speed-dating studies have indicated mixed evidence (at best) for whether people’s sex-differentiated mate preferences predict actual mate choices. According to an evolutionary, mate preference priority model (Li, Bailey, Kenric...

Prior research has shown that positive information presented by a third party shields people from the negative consequences of being perceived as self-promoting. But in many contexts, those third parties are intermediaries with a financial interest in the person being promoted rather than neutral parties. In three experimental studies, the authors demonstrate that even when intermediaries are n...

Attraction interference in language comprehension and production may be as a result of common or different processes. In the present paper, we investigate attraction interference during language comprehension, focusing on the contexts in which interference arises and the time-course of these effects. Using evidence from event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and sentence judgment times, we show ...

background: the worldwide nursing shortage is threatening the quality of healthcare. the two most common causes in maintaining nurses are job satisfaction, a positive working environment, and good relationships among staff. this study aimed to determine the effect of interpersonal communication skills training on job satisfaction among the nurses working in al-zahra hospital affiliated to isfah...