Intranasal oxytocin (OT) delivery has been used to non-invasively manipulate mammalian cooperative behavior. Such manipulations can potentially provide insight into both shared and species-specific mechanisms underlying cooperation. Vampire bats are remarkable for their high rates of allogrooming and the presence of regurgitated food sharing among adults. We administered intranasal OT to highly...

Background & objectives: Children are more anxious and fearful due to their limited cognitive capabilities, lack of understanding of health care system and lack of self control. It becomes an important concern for an anaesthesiologist to relieve their pre-operative anxiety. Midazolam is frequently used as premedication agent in children. New drugs such as the alpha-2 agonists have also been int...

Administering naloxone hydrochloride (naloxone) during an opioid overdose reverses the overdose and can prevent death. Although typically delivered via intramuscular or intravenous injection, naloxone may be delivered via intranasal spray device. In August 2006, the Boston Public Health Commission passed a public health regulation that authorized an opioid overdose prevention program that inclu...

BACKGROUND The authors sought to compare the use of the nonabsorbable polyvinyl alcohol sponge (PVA, Merocel) and absorbable synthetic polyurethane foam (SPF, Nasopore Forte plus) as intranasal splints after closed reduction of fractured nasal bones during the hospitalization period. METHODS The medical records of 111 patients who underwent closed reduction for nasal bone fracture at Sanggye ...

BACKGROUND The gold standard for cobalamin deficiency treatment is administration of cobalamin by intramuscular injection. The injection is painful and inconvenient, particularly for elderly persons. Cobalamin might also be administered intranasally. Previous studies do not provide insight into the pharmacokinetics of intranasal cobalamin administration in comparison with cobalamin injection. ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We sought to investigate the role of the endothelial lining in aneurysmal persistence and recurrence after endovascular treatment of aneurysms. METHODS Bilateral venous pouch canine carotid aneurysms were studied by angiography and pathology 1, 2, and 3 weeks after intraoperative collagen sponge embolization, coated or not coated with fibrinogen (n=15). In 12 dogs the e...

Sponge iron (DRI) due to the high surface area, often shows a high tendency to re-oxidation and at some cases spontaneous combustion (autoignition). In this work, re-oxidation behavior and autoignition of sponge iron, produced from different types of iron ore has been investigated. Isothermal and non-isothermal re-oxidation experiments were carried out on each type of DRI and their autoignition...

Congenital dacryocystoceles with intranasal mucoceles are an uncommon entity. The overwhelming majority of reported cases are unilateral in nature. We present a rare case of a neonate with bilateral congenital dacryocystoceles with intranasal mucoceles. Management of dacryocystoceles includes medical and surgical treatment. Literature review revealed 186 reported cases of congenital dacryocysto...

The ectopic eruption of teeth into the nasal cavity is a rare phenomenon. Ectopic tooth eruptions commonly occur in the palate and maxillary sinus, but have also been reported in the mandibular condyle, coronoid process, orbit, and nasal cavities. The clinical manifestations of intranasal teeth are quite variable; however, intranasal teeth can be an incidental finding during routine examination...