OBJECTIVE To assess the relative contraceptive effectiveness, tolerability and acceptability of the levonorgestrel-releasing (20 microg per day) intrauterine system (LNG-20) compared with reversible contraceptive methods in women of reproductive age. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. IDENTIFICATION Studies were identified through seven databases, ...

From 1,156 insertions of the copper 7 contraceptive device with 15,044 women-months of use we conclude that it offers advantages in intrauterine contraception. Continuity is improved for all users. It is a useful method for those who have not been pregnant and as an exchange device for patients having problems with other intrauterine devices or contraceptive methods. These advantages must be se...

The incidence of serious psychiatric illness, as measured by first referral to hospital for specialist advice and treatment, has been investigated among 16,746 women taking part in the Oxford Family Planning Association contraceptive study. Of these women, 9,504 were recruited while using oral contraceptives, 4,144 while using a diaphragm and 3,098 while using an intrauterine device. The result...