Introduction Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is diagnosed by a standardized oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). However, the OGTT is laborious, and when not performed, glucose tolerance cannot be determined from fasting samples retrospectively. We tested if glucose tolerance status is reasonably predictable from a combination of demographic, anthropometric, and laboratory data assessed at one ...

Tolbutamide is used increasingly as an investigative tool in in vivo studies of the physiology of glucose tolerance. Its hypoglycemic effect in nondiabetic subjects is widely variable, reflecting possible variability in its pharmacokinetics, an insulinergic response, an extrapancreatic effect of the drug, or the hypoglycemic effect of insulin itself. Using population-based modeling, we have inv...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the hyperbolic relationship between insulin sensitivity and the acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg) exists in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or decreased glucose tolerance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 219 healthy subjects (88 male and 131 female subjects, aged 26-75 years) with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) <6.11 mmol/l. Subjects und...

Glucose tolerance is determined by both insulin action and insulin-independent effects, or "glucose effectiveness," which includes glucose-mediated stimulation of glucose uptake (Rd) and suppression of hepatic glucose output (HGO). Despite its importance to tolerance, controversy surrounds accurate assessment of glucose effectiveness. Furthermore, the relative contributions of glucose's actions...

Minimal Model (MM) is the top-scoring model for assessing physiological characteristics to diagnose potential or onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) past four decades. Nevertheless it has been arguable that MM method either overestimates effectiveness (GE) underestimates insulin sensitivity (IS) in some cases by both biologists vivo experi...

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is associated with defects in both insulin secretion and action and carries a high risk for conversion to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Troglitazone, an insulin sensitizing agent, reduces glucose concentrations in subjects with NIDDM and IGT but is not known to affect insulin secretion. We sought to determine the role of beta cell function in ...

The intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) single-compartment minimal model (1CMM) method has recently been shown to overestimate glucose effectiveness and underestimate insulin sensitivity. Undermodeling, i.e., use of single- instead of two-compartment description of glucose kinetics, has been advocated to explain these limitations. We describe a new two-compartment minimal model (2CMM) in...