It is often observed that human culture, unlike most other animal culture, is cumulative: human technology and behavior is more complex than any individual could invent in their own lifetime. Cumulative culture is often explained by appeal to a combination of high-fidelity social learning and innovation, the “ratchet effect.” What is often overlooked is that both human and other animal culture ...

Invention activities are Productive Failure activities in which students attempt (and often fail) to invent methods that capture deep properties of a construct before being taught expert solutions. The current study evaluates the effect of scaffolding on the invention processes and outcomes, given that students are not expected to succeed in their inquiry and that all students receive subsequen...

Technological advancement and innovation requires the integration of both external knowledge and internal inventiveness. In this paper, we unpack the concept of absorptive capacity and separately explore the effect of different types of prior experience on the capacity to adopt external knowledge and make internal inventions. We also measure how absorptive capacity is influenced by changes in d...

Using the local picture of degeneration sequences minimal surfaces developed by Chodosh et al. (Invent Math 209(3):617–664, [1]) we show that in any closed Riemannian 3-manifold (M, g), genus an embedded CMC surface can be bounded only terms its index and area, independently value mean curvature. We also if M has finite fundamental group, area non-minimal term a lower bound for

When we apply the mechanisms of an object-oriented language we form concrete architectures over some domain. Over time we identify recurring patterns and transform the concrete architectures into more general architectural abstractions. Such abstractions are then used in combination with the language mechanisms to form other kinds of concrete architectures in diagrams and programs: we apply a c...

main purpose of the present research is to invent some tools for confirming hypotheses in analytic-reasoning researches. for this regard, the analytic research is used. the present tools, weighting to reasons tool (wrt) and repeat reasoning tool (rrt) are used for evaluating hypotheses of the current research. the results of the wrt shows that reasons weight (rw) for the first hypothesis is 8 a...

Abstract The present work is dedicated to agriculture mechanization for the purpose of assisting farmers in softening muddy crust formed after rainfall field farming using energy and resource-saving aggregate softener. study overviews worldwide experience science engineering invent disseminate best resource saving technologies technical devices engaged soil improvement sowing crops, including p...