Evidence that vitamin D reduces the risk of many types of disease is increasing exponentially. In 2011, 3,100 publications with "vitamin D" in the title or abstract were published, up from 2,606 in 2010, 1,303 in 2005, and 796 in 2000. A committee operating under the auspices of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the US National Academies reviewed the evidence for beneficial effects of vitamin ...

BACKGROUND The 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines for gestational weight gain (GWG) are intended for use among women in the United States. Little data are available on whether the 2009 IOM recommendations can be applied to Asian women. This study aimed to evaluate whether the recommendations are related to adverse pregnancy outcomes in Korean pregnant women. METHODS AND FINDINGS A re...

Gestational weight gain is known to influence fetal growth. However, it is unclear whether the associations between gestational weight gain and fetal growth vary by trimester. In a diverse cohort of 8,977 women who delivered a singleton between 2011 and 2013, we evaluated the associations between trimester-specific gestational weight gain and infant size for gestational age. Gestational weight ...

The recent Institute of Medicine (IOM) report “Sodium intake in populations: Assessment of Evidence”1 has provided critical information concerning the dietary sodium guidelines currently recommended by agencies of the US government.2 The American Journal of Hypertension has assembled a set of commentaries providing the range of official and independent views addressing how the IOM report will (...

The Institute of Medicine (IOM), established in 1970, is a member of the National Academies of Sciences and provides independent, unbiased, evidence-based advice to policy makers, health professionals, industry, and the American public. In 2006, the IOM produced a report on the Future of Emergency Care in the US Health System5 that addressed the critical status of emergency care in this country...

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) issues dietary recommendations on the request of the U.S. and Canadian governments. One of these recommendations is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). The RDA is the nutrient intake considered to be sufficient to meet the requirements of 97.5% of healthy individuals [1]. The RDA for vitamin D is 600 IU per day for individuals 1 to 70 years of age and is ass...