We determined the role of expiratory flow limitation (EFL) on the ventilatory response to heavy exercise in six trained male cyclists [maximal O2 uptake = 65 +/- 8 (range 55-74) ml. kg-1. min-1] with normal lung function. Each subject completed four progressive cycle ergometer tests to exhaustion in random order: two trials while breathing N2O2 (26% O2-balance N2), one with and one without adde...

Intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) can trigger dual-mode regulation of the voltage gated cardiac sodium channel (Na(V)1.5). The channel components of the Ca(2+) regulatory system are the calmodulin (CaM)-binding IQ motif and the Ca(2+) sensing EF hand-like (EFL) motif in the carboxyl terminus of the channel. Mutations in either motif have been associated with arrhythmogenic changes in expressed...

This paper reports on an exploratory study that explores the instructional patterns within English as a Foreign Language (EFL) secondary school classrooms in Syria. Recently, the Syrian Ministry of Education (MoE) has introduced a new national curriculum which recommends a shift in EFL teachers’ instructional practices. Despite this costly innovation, there has been no attempt to check whether ...

In spite of the existence writing courses for postgraduate students in English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) contexts, their academic proficiency remains low. Therefore, EFL students’ experiences and expectations need to be explored identify needs. To this end, a dynamic narrative approach was adopted examine 21 Iranian qualitatively. The narratives were analyzed based on plots, values, significa...

This study investigated the relationship between selfefficacy and stress among 108 EFL teachers in Iran. The participants were administered self-efficacy and stress questionnaires. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression analyses were used. The results indicated significant negative correlation between self efficacy and stress. Also it was found that both dimensions of self-e...

The present study investigated the effect of the keyword method of vocabulary teaching on the learning and longterm retention of vocabulary in a normal EFL classroom context. Fifty elementary EFL students were selected and assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received vocabulary instruction using mnemonic keyword method and the control group received conventiona...

Researchers have extensively compared different L2 learning contexts, such as EFL versus study-abroad, for their impacts on oral production; however, scant attention, if any, has been paid to comparing EFL settings in terms of input factors such as textbooks, amount of contacts in L2, and teachers. Accordingly, the effects of these factors on the oral production skills were investigated in this...

This study was conducted to evaluate the cultural contents and cultural elements represented in Vision (I & II) and Pre-University English (I & II). This study also aimed at determining if there were significant differences between these series in terms of cultural content and cultural element representation. To this end, the two ELT coursebook series were selected and analyzed based on Cortazz...

This research investigates the EFL teacher's perspective of using code-mixing in classes. The design used narrative inquiry to uncover story English teacher’s experience code-mixing, and a personal was conducted by interview as data. results study indicate that: 1) teaching which teacher has many experiences at different levels. 2) uses because method curriculum approach. needs based on student...

The present paper aims to outline a study devoted the implementation of Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) into primary online classroom practice. selected aspects Anglophone cultural content were chosen complement students’ issues covered by core curriculum. elements incorporated background EFL materials focusing on teaching vocabulary means range activities suitable for school learn...