This study presents an investigation of electrochemical variables and an application of the optimal parameters in operating a continuous upflow electrocoagulation reactor in removing dye. Direct red 23, which is azo-based, was used as a representative of direct dyes. First, a batch mode was employed to optimize the design parameters: electrode type, electrode distance, current density and elect...

Structural flexibility of molecule-based systems is key to realizing the novel functionalities. Tuning the structure in the atomic scale enables us to manipulate the quantum state in the molecule-based system. Here we present the reversible Hamiltonian manipulation in a single-molecule quantum dot consisting of an iron phthalocyanine molecule attached to an Au electrode and a scanning tunnellin...

The parameters to prepare α-Al2O3 coatings by double glow plasma technique were optimized to obtain dense and thick α-Al2O3 coatings on 316 L stainless steel at low temperature of 580 °C. The parallel distance between the source electrode and the substrate, working pressure, source electrode voltage, and workpiece electrode voltage were designed by L9 Orthogonal array design. The thickness, mic...

New electrochemical technique with a Pt-Ag twin electrode is proposed for the determining the contents of iron sulfides (FeS and FeS(2)) in a suspension. After electrolytic oxidation with a Pt electrode, Fe(2+) was measured by linear sweep voltammetry. From relations of the charge amount from the baseline to the peak in the voltammogram of Fe(2+) with the content of FeS or FeS(2), linear calibr...

BACKGROUND The growth and development of plants is deleteriously affected by various biotic and abiotic stress factors. Wounding in plants is caused by exposure to environmental stress, mechanical stress, and via herbivory. Typically, oxidative burst in response to wounding is associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species, such as the superoxide anion radical (O2•-), hydrogen peroxid...

The response mechanism of the iron(III) chalcogenide glass membrane ion-selective electrode (ISE) in saline media has been studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). EIS equivalent circuits and XPS surface compositions for the FeIII ISE are consistent with the presence of two surface films probably comprising a outer surface layer (OSL...

A miniaturized polymer electrospray-type interface is used to study metal-ion chelation with model peptides. Taking advantage of the intrinsic electrochemical behavior of electrospray, a sacrificial electrode is used to generate at the same time electrospray and transition-metal ions coming from the anodic dissolution of the electrode. The microspray interface provides enhanced mass transport d...

Designing a new generation of energy-intensive and sustainable electrode materials for batteries to power a variety of applications is an imperative task. The use of biomaterials as a nanosized structural template for these materials has the potential to produce hitherto unachievable structures. In this report, we have used genetically modified flagellar filaments of the extremely halophilic ar...

This article reviews recent progress in the development of ferrocene (Fc)-modified thin films and nanoparticles in relation to their biosensor applications. Redox-active materials in enzyme biosensors commonly use Fc derivatives, which mediate electron transfer between the electrode and enzyme active site. Either voltammetric or amperometric signals originating from redox reactions of Fc are de...

Flow injection analysis (FIA) system incorporating a fluoride ion-selective electrode (FISE) as detector is described. Laboratory-built cascade flow cell equipped with FISE and reference electrode is used for flow injection potentiometric determination of Fe(III) based on monitoring of the formation of FeF2 in acid solution. Under optimized flow conditions (4.0 mL min–1, 300 μL samples, 10–5 mo...