Abstract To achieve a geometrically accurate representation of the water bottom, airborne LiDAR bathymetry (ALB) requires correction raw 3D point coordinates due to refraction at air–water interface, different signal velocity in air and water, further propagation induced effects. The processing bathymetric data is based on geometric model laser pulse describing complex interactions radiation wi...

The seismic methods are the most powerful existing technique to image the structure of the Earth’s subsurface. Depending on the system layout, the seismic methods can be divided into near-vertical reflection (NVS) techniques and wide-angle reflection/refraction (WAS) techniques. In contrast to NVS, the development of WAS preprocessing tools has deserved only minor attention to date and most exi...

Treating protons as de Broglie waves shows that up to a few MeV energies protons experience total external reflection using the index of refraction concept for the target earlier applied to electrons. Angular scattering distributions can be explained by random surface scattering as known for X-rays. Applied to the Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray telescopes the calculated reflection efficiencies ca...

Light transport in macroporous gallium phosphide, perhaps the strongest nonabsorbing scatterer of visible light, is studied using phase-sensitive femtosecond pulse interferometry. Phase statistics are measured at optical wavelengths in both reflection and transmission and compared with theory. The diffusion constant of light is measured in both reflection and transmission as a function of thick...

It is shown numerically and analytically that when an optical pulse approaches a moving temporal boundary across which the refractive index changes, it undergoes a temporal equivalent of reflection and refraction of optical beams at a spatial boundary. The main difference is that the role of angles is played by changes in the frequency. The frequency dependence of the dispersion of the material...

Seismic reflection and refraction images illuminate the San Andreas Fault to a depth of 1 kilometer. The prestack depth-migrated reflection image contains near-vertical reflections aligned with the active fault trace. The fault is vertical in the upper 0.5 kilometer, then dips about 70 degrees to the southwest to at least 1 kilometer subsurface. This dip reconciles the difference between the co...

A novel method for accurate reflections in real time is introduced using ray tracing in geometry fields, which combine light fields with geometry images. The geometry field of a surface is defined ray space, mapping a ray to its intersection point with the surface, represented as the uv coordinates on the geometry image. It makes intersection tests much more efficient using lookups within a fra...

Wave propagation in spatially periodic media, such as photonic crystals, can be qualitatively different from any uniform substance. The differences are particularly pronounced when the electromagnetic wavelength is comparable to the primitive translation of the periodic structure. In such a case, the periodic medium cannot be assigned any meaningful refractive index. Still, such features as neg...

Abstract Escher's depiction of transparency, refraction, and reflection overlaps geometric coding chiaroscuro from the first half twentieth century anticipates several eidomatic effects. After studying some digital rendering processes, we propose a method similar to apply it drawing Mies van der Rohe's Glashochhaus.

X-Ray Refraction Topography techniques are based on Ultra Small Angle Scattering by micro structural elements causing phase related effects like refraction and total reflection at a few minutes of arc as the refractive index of X-rays is nearly unity (1 – 10). The extraordinary contrast of inner surfaces is far beyond absorption effects. Scanning of specimens results in 2D-imaging of closed and...