Return on Asset is a profitability ratio to measure the effectiveness of company in generating profits by utilizing its total assets. If viewed from strategic perspective, intellectual capital can be used create and use knowledge expand company's financial performance. Knowledge assets are an exchange forms for transformation this knowledge. This study aims examine effect tested CEE (Capital Em...

This article examines indigenous traditional knowledge and intellectual property rights. It examines whether it is possible for South Africa’s intellectual property framework to protect all types of indigenous traditional knowledge against exploitation since financial considerations are the basis for the protection of indigenous traditional knowledge. The rationale for the examination stems fro...

In this era of knowledge economics, the role of knowledge management is becoming increasingly important. Intellectual capital represents a collection of intangible assets known as knowledge assets, and practitioners often speculate on the relationship between knowledge management readiness and intellectual capital. To date, however, most research has focused on the link between knowledge manage...

Variously referred to as intellectual capital, intellectual property, knowledge assets, or business intelligence, corporate knowledge is now being viewed as the last and only sustainable untapped source of competitive advantage in business. Unlike other forms of capital—land, equipment, labor and money—knowledge is theoretically infinite. There’s always a new idea waiting to be discovered—new w...

This paper investigates the knowledge antecedents of strategic alliances whose firms face convergence in their sector, i.e. photographic imaging where disparate technologies are coming together. Taking a structural viewpoint, we investigate their brokerage and status around their research and development activities manifested in their collective intellectual property right filings that we const...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classifications: L26 O14 O16 O31 O33 O34 Keywords: Knowledge spillovers R&D intensity Entrepreneurship Intellectual property rights Copyright Legal formalism Knowledge spillovers are widely thought to be important for innovative activity, yet theory is ambiguous about the sign of the relationship. Assuming that knowledge spillovers are more easily exploited where intel...

“Indigenous cultural knowledge has always been an open treasure box for the unfettered appropriation of items of value to Western civilization. While we assiduously protect rights to valuable knowledge among ourselves, indigenous people have never been accorded similar rights over their cultural knowledge. Existing Western intellectual property laws support, promote, and excuse the wholesale, u...