Abstract. Position disparity between two stereoscopic images, combined with camera calibration information, allow depth recovery. The measurement of position disparity is known to be ambiguous when the scene reflectance displays repetitive patterns. This problem is reduced if one analyzes scale disparity, as in shape from texture, which relies on the deformations of repetitive patterns to recov...

Twenty-five asymptomatic subjects with normal binocular vision underwent determination of the magnitude and direction of their heterophoria and their fixation disparity. Fixation disparity was measured at a 2-m fixation distance with the phase-difference haploscope under conditions simulating those of casual seeing. When combined with careful attention to symmetrical control of accommodation, t...

Invariant recognition of objects depends on a hierarchy of cortical stages that build invariance gradually. Binocular disparity computations are a key part of this transformation. Cortical area V1 computes absolute disparity, which is the horizontal difference in retinal location of an image in the left and right foveas. Many cells in cortical area V2 compute relative disparity, which is the di...

Dense disparity map estimation from a high-resolution stereo image is a very difficult problem in terms of both matching accuracy and computation efficiency. Thus, an exhaustive disparity search at full resolution is required. In general, examining more pixels in the stereo view results in more ambiguous correspondences. When a high-resolution image is down-sampled, the high-frequency component...

The goal of the present study is to compare the strengths of depth effects induced by different types of vertical disparity. We use a nulling task, in which the depth effects induced by vertical disparity are nulled by horizontal disparity. The advantage of this method is that it prevents cue conflicts from arising between disparity and other depth cues. The ratios between horizontal and vertic...

Horizontal binocular disparity has long been the conventional predictor of stereo depth. Surprisingly, an alternative predictor fairs just as well. This alternative predicts the relative depth of two stimuli from the relation between their disparity vectors, without regard to horizontal disparities. These predictions can differ; horizontal disparities accurately predict the perceived depth of a...

reliability of a system is the probability that it will function as intended for the required period of time. the opposite of reliability is failure probability per unit time or over time, such as a life cycle. following a review of existing reliability codes and approaches, comprehensive approaches to assess the reliability of offshore structures are described, including probabilistic analysis...