We have tracked the mobility, approach, and annihilation of defects in cylinder-forming diblock copolymer thin films on nanopatterned substrates using high-temperature and in situ timelapse atomic force microscopy. This has been accomplished by visualizing two isolated defects and studying their approach and hence interactions. Here we used lithographed channels to template and orientationally ...

Congenital knee dislocation is a rare anomaly associated with a variety of neuromuscular diseases and deformities. The etiology of this condition remains unclear, but it is usually associated with a variety of disorders, such as Larsen's syndrome, arthrogryposis, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Down syndrome, and Streeter's dysplasia. It is rarely an isolated entity, and 6...

Local space-time structures, such as domains and the intervening dislocations, dominate a wide class of cellular automaton (CA) behavior. For such spatiallyextended dynamics regular domains, vicinities, and attractors are introduced as organizing principles to identify the discretized analogs of attractors, basins, and separatrices: structures used in classifying dissipative continuous-state dy...

The defect structure onattice-mismatched I-pm InxGal_xAs X 10-3) epilayers on GaAs was studied with scanning cathodoluminescence (CL), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-voltage electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. CL shows that nonradiative recombination lines exist in the GaAs buffer layer as far as 4000 A from the interface. The density of these defects is indepen...

Background: Isolated distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) dislocation is uncommon. It always associated with the radius and ulna fracture (distal radius fracture, Galeazzi, Monteggia fracture or the Essex-Lopresti forearm fracture). Many of DRUJ dislocation associated with distal radius fracture, especially Colles’ fracture. Volar locking plate (VLP) must be used to fix the distal fragments and the c...

OBJECTIVE There is currently no general consensus on the optimal treatment of chronic radial head dislocation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Considering that the annular ligament is important in maintaining elbow stability, we developed a modified method for annular ligament reconstruction in pediatric cases of radial head dislocation without ulnar bowing. We retrospectively investigated the therapeut...

hip dislocation occurs when the femur does not break and the force is transmitted towards the hip joint leading to a posterior dislocation of the femoral head with or without posterior acetabular fracture. we present the case of a 26 year old patient involved in motor vehicle accident. clinical and imaging (radiography, ct) examination revealed an intertrochanteric fracture associated with ipsi...

the problem of several finite moving cracks in a functionally graded material is solved by dislocation technique under the condition of anti-plane deformation. by using the fourier transform the stress fields are obtained for a functionallygraded strip containing a screw dislocation. the stress components reveal the familiar cauchy singularity at thelocation of dislocation. the solution is empl...