Abstract This paper examines whether a premium for green bonds, called “greenium”, found in previous studies, exists primary and secondary bond markets. Using universe of about 2000 180,000 non-green bonds from 650 international issuers, we apply both propensity score matching coarsened exact to determine sample conventional that is most similar the bonds. We find have larger issue sizes lower ...

With the development of big data and deep learning technology, technology have also been applied to marketing field, which was a part business administration. Customer churn management is one most important areas marketing. In this paper, we proposed method prevent customer increase purchase conversion rate by issuing customized discount coupons customers with high based on in real time. After ...

Studies have shown that the spatial distribution of severe thunderstorm warnings demonstrates variation beyond what can be attributed to weather and climate alone. Investigating spatial patterns of these variations can provide insight into nonmeteorological factors thatmight lead forecasters to issue warnings.Geographically weighted regression was performed on a set of demographic and land cove...

This paper investigates how firms manage their savings, financing, and investment when aggregate uncertainty is time-varying. I develop and estimate a dynamic model featuring aggregate uncertainty shocks, costly external financing, investment irreversibility, and time-varying risk premia. In my model, firms have a precautionary-savings motive and real options to wait, both of which interact wit...

A “submarine patent” is one whose issuance and publication has been intentionally delayed by its inventor with the hope that firms will independently discover and come to rely on a similar innovation at some later time, at which point the inventor causes his patent to issue and claims infringement. Although submarine patents are harmful to an innovation-led economy, previous research has strugg...

The Ministry of Agrarian and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency has issued a new regulation, Minister Planning Regulation (Permen) Number 1 2021 on Electronic Certificates, to replace Conventional Certificates with Certificates. This decision faced mixed opinions from supporters opponents regarding legal certainty appropriateness. Article 4, paragraph the Ministerial requires that must be se...