This paper aims to better understand the relationship between security expenses and their impact on economic growth for Malaysia. Using time-series data from 1971 2020, this study adopts AK Barro’s (1990) Model as basis of empirical model employs ARDL estimation regression. The results suggest significant short-run long-run relationships expenditure in We recommend that Malaysian government imp...

European policies are promoting energy communities and sharing to decarbonize the system through increased penetration of renewables thereby reducing dependency. However, implementation takes place following different patterns, it is not entirely clear how composition may affect community performance. This research evaluates compares energy-sharing scenarios at technical economic levels. Severa...

this paper estimates the effects of increase in iran’s non-oil exports on its economic growth as well as sectoral outputs, using a single country, comparative static, exogenous policy computable general equilibrium (cge) model. the paper also investigates the share of tradable sectors in reaching to the targeted growth rate (8%) in 5th socio-economic development plan. for this purpose, the para...

in the light of the 2008 world development report, this paper revisits the impact of agriculture on overall economic growth, in the case of an oil producing country, using indices of intersectoral linkages. to this end, four input-output tables of iran’s economy are utilized. the results support the importance of the agricultural sector in stimulating the economic growth of iran, but also s...

The Effect of Educational Expenditure on Economic Productivity: A Comparison of the Situations in Iran, India, Japan, Germany, and Australia A. Abbaaspoor, Ph.D. E. Jahaangard, Ph.D. E. Misaaghifar Different countries may differ in their educational systems, but they are the same as far as their educational systems interacting with their socio-economic systems.  From a ...