New structural motives for organosuperbases, that are easy to prepare and highly basic are urgently required in many areas of chemistry. The synthesis of N,N'-bis(imidazolyl)guanidine bases (BIG bases) is reported. Their pKα  values are determined as 26.1-29.3 in THF. They are thus probably the strongest known phosphorous-free organic bases both in solution and in the gas phase. Calculations he...

This paper will define the slag compositions required to obtain and control optimum foamy slag conditions in the Electric Furnace. In defining the optimal slags, consideration is given to the effects of scrap quality, carbon injection, slag basicity and MgO content. A computer model based on published phase-diagrams has been developed which graphically maps the chemistries for optimal foaming c...

The hydroamination reaction offers a very attractive route for the synthesis of alkylated amines and their derivatives with no byproduct formation. Heterogeneous intermolecular hydroamination reactions of alkynes with aromatic amines using different inexpensive copper salts of hetropolyacid catalysts were investigated. Among heteropoly salts, copper salts of silicotungstic acid showed highest a...

New guanidine-derived superbases with TBD-functionalized alkyl side chains have been developed using a computational DFT approach. Exploiting the high hydrogen bond basicity of TBD allowed access to systems with strong charge-assisted intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the protonated state. The enhanced stability of such guanidines is mirrored in their gas-phase basicities, which cover the range ...

The characteristics of CO2 adsorption sites on a nitrogen-doped graphite model system (N-HOPG) were investigated by X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopy and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy. Adsorbed CO2 was observed lying flat on N-HOPG, stabilized by a charge transfer from the substrate. This demonstrated that Lewis base sites were formed by the incorporation of nitrogen...

It has previously been shown that when cross-linking reagent diethyl suberthioimidate (DEST) reacts with primary amines of proteins to yield amidinated residues, the primary amines retain their high basicity, and cross-linked species can be enriched by strong cation exchange. It is now demonstrated that collisional activation of singly-charged DEST cross-linked peptide ions leads to preferentia...

The question of site of protonation in peptides that do not contain basic residues is addressed. The additional basicity of the peptide conferred by the amino terminus is removed by N-acetylation. Comparison of the surface-induced dissociation energy requirements for the fragmentation of the peptides with and without the N-terminal amine indicates that the N-terminal amine sequesters the proton...

Using in situ viscosity measurement, the rate of cellulose dissolution in a number of ionic liquids has been determined allowing their performance as solvents to be quantitatively assessed. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium ethanoate was shown to dissolve cellulose faster than analogous ionic liquids with chloride or dimethylphosphate anions. Analysis of the data highlights the influence of both anio...

ABSTRACT A series of novel 5-substituted 2-[2-(pyridyl)ethenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazoles were efficiently synthesized by cyclocondensation of the appropriate 3-(pyridyl)acrylohydrazides with triethyl orthoesters in the presence of glacial acetic acid. The products were identified by means of spectroscopic methods and their pKA ionization constants were determined. The influence of substituents on the ...