Circular DNAs excised by immunoglobulin kappa chain gene rearrangements were cloned and characterized. 16 of 17 clones examined were double recombination products containing a V kappa-J kappa rearrangement (coding joint) as well as the reciprocal element (signal joint) of another V kappa-J kappa rearrangement. These products suggested multiple recombination, primary inversion, and secondary exc...

generally, the measured secondary field data is inverted into resistivity using two principal models; the homogeneous half-space model and the layered half-space model. while the homogeneous half-space inversion uses single frequency data, the inversion is done individually for each of the frequencies used, the multi-layer 1d inversion is able to take the data of all frequencies available into ...

OBJECTIVE Ankle joint complex dynamics developed during volleyball spike jumps take-offs and landings were quantified to assess potential relations between these joint dynamics and patellar tendinopathy. DESIGN Three-dimensional kinematic data provided information about movements of the lower limbs, while the kinetic data permitted analysis of ground reaction forces as players took-off and la...

The tarsal bones articulate with each other and demonstrate complicated kinematic characteristics. The in vivo motions of these tarsal joints during normal gait are still unclear. Seven healthy subjects were recruited and fourteen feet in total were tested in the current study. Three dimensional models of the tarsal bones were first created using CT scanning. Corresponding local 3D coordinate s...

BACKGROUND The ankle joint requires very precise neuromuscular control during the transition from terminal swing to the early stance phase of the gait cycle. Altered ankle joint arthrokinematics and muscular activity have been cited as potential factors that may lead to an inversion sprain during the aforementioned time periods. However, to date, no study has investigated patterns of muscle act...

BACKGROUND There is still uncertainty concerning the beneficial effects of shoe collar height for ankle sprain prevention and very few data are available in the literature regarding the effect of high-top and low-top shoes on muscle responses during landing. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of high-top and low-top shoes on ankle inversion kinematics and pre-landing EMG activ...

BACKGROUND Ankle ligamentous sprain is common in sports. The most direct way to study the mechanism quantitatively is to study real injury cases; however, it is unethical and impractical to produce an injury in the laboratory. A recently developed, model-based image-matching motion analysis technique allows quantitative analysis of real injury incidents captured in televised events and gives im...

Hydraulic tomography is a state-of-the-art method for inferring hydraulic conductivity fields using head data. We employed geostatistical inversion synthetically generated and flux data individually jointly in steady-state experiment. designed 96 scenarios to better understand the relative merits of each type. For typical case small number observation points, we find that provide resolved field...

In this paper, high-precision joint inversion of evaporative duct based on dual frequency radar sea clutter data is analyzed to study the abnormal environment phenomenon that occurs over offshore surfaces. As information retrieved by radars with different frequencies inconsistent, a optimization model dynamic penalty factor proposed, which can improve degree conformity between measured power an...