The numerical range W (A) of an n×n matrix A is the collection of complex numbers of the form x∗Ax, where x ∈ C is a unit vector. It can be viewed as a “picture” of A containing useful information of A. Even if the matrix A is not known explicitly, the “picture” W (A) would allow one to “see” many properties of the matrix. For example, the numerical range can be used to locate eigenvalues, dedu...