BACKGROUND Patients with birch pollen allergy (major allergen: Bet v 1) have often an associated oral allergy syndrome (OAS) to apple, which contains the cross-reactive allergen Mal d 1. As successful birch pollen immunotherapy does not consistently improve apple related OAS symptoms, we evaluated whether regular apple consumption has an effect on OAS and immune parameters of Mal d 1 or Bet v 1...

The apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae), infests non-commercial apple (Malus domestica (Borkh.) Borkh.) and native black-fruited hawthorns (mostly Crataegus douglasii Lindl.) in central Washington, but little has been published on the abundance of the fly in this region. In this paper, the abundance of R. pomonella across different sites near apple-growing area...

Foam-mat drying is an alternative method which enables the removal of water from high-sugar content juices and purees that are difficult to dry. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different foam-mat drying methods on some physical properties and aroma of apple puree powder. Apple puree was foamed with the addition of foaming agents. Foamed puree was dried as a layer using di...

Escherichia coli O157:H7 has caused serious outbreaks of food-borne illness via transmission in a variety of food vehicles, including unpasteurized apple juice, dried salami, and spinach. To understand how this pathogen responds to the multiple stresses of the food environment, we compared global transcription patterns before and after exposure to model apple juice. Transcriptomes of mid-expone...

Cashew apple juice has the potential to be a natural source of vitamin C and sugar in processed foods. The juice of the cashew apple is obtained by pressing the fleshy peduncle or receptacle, which forms a rounded apple that sits above the true fruit, the cashew nut. Cashew nut allergy is the second most commonly reported tree nut allergy in the United States. To determine if cashew apple juice...

D RIED apple pomace and apple pomace silage have been fed successfully to ruminants (Hills, 1902; Lindsey et al., 1921; Walton and Bidwell, 1923; Holdaway, 1925; Atkeson and Anderson, 1927; Knott et al., 1932; Perkins and Monroe, 1935). I t has replaced all of the roughage normally used for wintering beef cows (Burris and Priode, 1957). However, in the past, apple pomace has contained up to 40 ...

Currently a new version of the distance education platform WeLearn [3] to be combined with an agent system ([1], also developed locally) for providing advanced services [2] is under development. In a previous stage of the project software was created to automatically derive keywords from documents, either from the different versions of metadata already contained (various Microsoft file formats,...

As our ability to store information increases, the mechanisms we employ to access that information become ever more important. In this paper, we present Archosum, a prototype of an organizational system that attempts to encapsulate the benefits of both hierarchical and keyword systems. By introducing abstract entities, Archosum provides a simple interface with which users can build and maintain...

ODUCTION ar sensors with dual-polarization capability etter understanding and characterization of hazards. Advanced knowledge-based hazard algorithms would require better knowledge of ttering characteristics of hydrometeors such as , hailstones, and snowflakes. Especially, characteristics becomes important for utilize phase-array dual-polarization radar Traditionally, theoretical approaches [1]...