A hierarchical framework is proposed to address the issues of modeling different type of words in keyword spotting (KWS). Keyword models are built at various levels according to the availability of training set resources for each individual word. The proposed approach improves the performance of KWS even when no training speech is available for the keywords. It also suggests an easier way to co...

boolean byte class double else extends final finally float if implements int interface long native new private public return short static super synchronized this throw throws transient try void volatile while ( ) [ ] { } ; , . = Figure 1: Java keywords.

E ven if you have not waded through all seven volumes of Marcel Proust’s Remembrance of Things Past (1), you are probably familiar with its most famous scene where the narrator bites into a little cake called a madeleine, dipped in tea, and experiences a wash of vivid emotional memories. This literary moment has captured popular imagination (madeleines are now sold by Starbucks) because it so e...

Jacques Rivière is undoubtedly one of the most intelligent and admiring readers Recherche. However, his correspondence with Proust shows how - while sensing extraordinary novelty work he sees it as successful advanced outcome French tradition analytical novel. The publication extracts from Recherche in “Nouvelle Revue Française” proved to be a real battleground between Proust. While first would...

Marcel survived the genocide. So did Monique. Their five children were not so fortunate. With a resilience almost super-human, Marcel and Monique rebuilt their lives, Marcel resuming his work with UNICEF in successive duty postings in Africa and Europe. I remember meeting with him in Bamako a few years back. There was a funding shortfall for the measles campaign. He was all business, pulling ou...