Contents 1. Introduction 2. The two-dimensional models of overland flow 3. The equations of one-dimensional channel flow 4. Simplification of the St. Venant equations 5. Linearization of the St. Venant equations and solution of linear equations 6. Kinematic wave equations and their application 7. Numerical solution of the unsteady flow equations 8 Application of finite elements methods 9. Lumpe...

Purpose: Little information is available on joint kinematic adaptations during walking on cross-slope surfaces (i.e. a surface incline perpendicular to the direction of locomotion). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cross-slope surfaces on three-dimensional (3D) kinematics of hip, knee, and ankle joints during stance phase of walking.  Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study...

Many studies have investigated the kinematics of sports skills with the majority describing the kinematics of the technique or investigating significant kinematic variables that affect performance. Many sports skills are complex three-dimensional movements involving many joints. However, few studies have investigated the relationships between kinematic variables during performance of such skill...

In this paper we argue that in the kinematic range given by 1 ≪ ln(1/αS) ≪ αS Y ≪ 1 αS , we can reduce the Pomeron calculus to the exchange of non-interacting Pomerons with the renormalized amplitude of their interaction with the target. Therefore, the summation of the Pomeron loops can be performed using the improved Mueller, Patel, Salam and Iancu approximation and this leads to the geometric...

We investigate the following problem: design a distributed control law making n kinematic unicycles converge to a common circle of prespecified radius, whose centre is stationary but dependent on the initial conditions, and traverse the circle in a desired direction. Moreover, the vehicles are required to converge to a formation on the circle, expressed by desired separations and ordering of th...

Equilibrated solutions, locally satisfying all the equilibrium conditions, may be obtained by using a special case of the hybrid finite element formulation. Equilibrium finite element solutions will normally present compatibility defaults, which may be directly used to estimate the error of the solution, a posteriori. Another approach is to construct a compatible solution using the stresses and...

We study the inverse problem of deducing the dynamical characteristics (such as the potential field) of large systems from kinematic observations. We show that, for a class of steady-state systems, the solution is unique even with fragmentary data, dark matter, or selection (bias) functions. Using spherically symmetric models for simulations, we investigate solution convergence and the roles of...

For precise localization of outdoor mobile robots, RealTime Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK GPS) has obvious advantages: position data are given with centimeter-accuracy, and the required infrastructure is reduced to a sole fixed reference station. Yet, the use of this solution arises a number of issues, such as satellite maskings, or the existence of the so-called GPS latency which de...

This paper describes the use of kinematic, asynchronous, stochastic cellular automata to model water and solution phenomena encountered in complex biological systems. These in silico experiments are designed to assess the ability of the dynamic simulations to model some physical properties observed in solutions. Several experiments are described with significant relationship to physical reality...