For those unfamiliar with the story, the first part of this article summarises the main developments in Turkey’s politics since the last general elections, held in December 1995, and the current position of the government with its short-run prospects. The second part tries to broaden the focus, by considering future perspectives in a variety of contexts. These include the future of the party sy...

Abstract The article follows the history of Iraqi Kurdistan from achievement regional autonomy in 1991 to most recent protest movements, tracing origin a neo-patrimonial system tied dynastic power two ruling parties and outlining its current crisis. authors analyze popular protests that have inflamed region since 2015 within processes institutional formation, social stratification, economic tra...

This study compares state policies of Israel and Turkey regarding their citizens Palestinian Kurdish descent, respectively. It then explores the reasons for differences points at the...

This paper examines how Turkish invasions into Northern Syria’s Kurdish enclave undermine US and European policy objectives. It argues that the state, obsessed with hostility, endangers American foreign policies by further destabilising war-torn Syria, facilitating empowerment of Islamist extremist groups, impeding a peaceful resolution to protracted conflict, assisting Russia’s anti-Western in...

Speech acts composes a big part of language; it is one the bases pragmatics, can be defined as use language to make things happen in world. The aim study investigate strategies speech act criticism Kurdish. One hundred twenty undergraduate native Kurdish speaking students were selected sample for study. different majors, sexes and social classes. Discourse Completion Test (DCT) approach adopted...

Machine translation has been a major motivation of development in natural language processing. Despite the burgeoning achievements creating more efficient machine systems, thanks to deep learning methods, parallel corpora have remained indispensable for progress field. In an attempt create Kurdish language, this article, we describe our approach retrieving potentially alignable news articles fr...

We review the development of civilian out-of-hospital and hospital-based emergency medical care in Iraq, focusing on the non-Kurdish regions. Emergency medicine in the country has made encouraging steps during the last several years, including the establishment of national emergency medicine policy, the training of out-of-hospital caregivers, the education of physicians currently working in Ira...

Abstract While the Palestinian struggle has received widespread support from non-Palestinian activists across North America and Europe, Kurdish in Turkey, which is similar to cause important ways, not such extensive non-Kurdish activists. Existing explanations do fully account for this difference. I argue that variation non-diasporic part a product of impact differences between diasporas West h...

This research analyses the political Islamic movement in East of Kurdistan between 1979-2001. In 1979, after Iranian Nations revolution's success, a number religious movements and organizations formed. A part these was working to establish local Kurdish-Islamic authority. On other hand, there were with Ayatollah Khomeini newly installed regime Tehran, others identifying themselves under umbrell...