Individual differences in language learning have been under close scrutiny for several decades. However, there is still place to be filled with new research understand how and what extent these relate to/effect process. Both foreign classroom anxiety (FLCA) second willingness communicate (L2 WTC) key individual paradigm educational psychology applied linguistics. To this end, the current study ...

Willingness to communicate in a second language (L2 WTC) has recently become an important concept across disciplines of second language acquisition (SLA) and communication. It has been proposed that pedagogic goals should be to increase learners’ L2 WTC so as to facilitate language learning. Incorporating the Canadian social psychological approach to L2 learning, extant research has suggested t...

Interaction is a necessary condition for second language (L2) learning (Long, 1980, 1996). Research in computer-mediated communication has shown that interaction opportunities make learners pay attention to form in a variety of ways that promote L2 learning. This research has mostly investigated text-based rather than voice-based interaction. The present study applied “form-focusing information...

Forty talkers participated in problem-solving tasks with another talker in conditions differing in communication difficulty for the interlocutor. A linguistic barrier condition (L2 interlocutor) was compared to acoustic barrier conditions (native interlocutors hearing vocoded or noisy speech). Talkers made acoustic-phonetic enhancements in all barrier conditions compared to the no-barrier condi...

BACKGROUND The internet is a phenomena that changes human, specially the younger generation's, life in the 21(st) century. Online communication is a common way of interacting among adolescents who experience feelings of social anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social anxiety and online communication in adolescents. METHODS Three hundred and thirty stud...

Second language speakers commonly acknowledge that taboo terms can be uttered with greater ease in their second language (L2) than in their first language (L1). To investigate this phenomenon psychophysiologically, 32 Turkish–English bilinguals rated a variety of stimuli for pleasantness in Turkish (L1) and English (L2) while skin conductance was monitored via fingertip electrodes. Participants...

Introduction: Many documents demonstrates relationship between high Body Mass Index and women anxiety and depression ,but among our research now ,there aren't t any evidence about postpartum , so this study describes relationship between women Body Mass Index (BMI) before pregnancy and their postpartum anxiety level . Methods: In this study , 54 primiparous women were selected randomly and the...

statement of the problem: hearing impaired children have a problem in understanding and comprehending with dental treatments. visual language is the sensible answer of how to improve communication with them. purpose: to evaluate the applicability of dental sign language in hearing impaired children in relieving anxiety during stressful dental treatment by improving their means of communication....

Abstract Comprehensibility, or ease of understanding, has emerged as an important construct in second language (L2) speech research. Many studies have examined the linguistic features that underlie this construct, but there been limited work on behavioral and affective predictors. The goal study was therefore to examine extent which anxiety collaborativeness predict interlocutors’ perception on...

the most important risk factors for anxiety disorders include genes, early life stress, and current stress. these factors do not act independently but interact with each other throughout human development through examples such as epigenetic modifications and complex forms of learning. the neural substrate of pathological anxiety includes hyperactivity in the amygdala and other limbic brain regi...