The knowledge that certain occupations may lead to disease is probably as old as these occupations, but the first comprehensive effort in occupational medicine was made by Ramazzini in 1700, and the active prevention of occupational diseases began much later. Activities on an international scale were first instituted at the Congress of the International Working Men's Associations in 1867, and f...

The South African female labour force has been growing because of equity legislation and improved access to education and work opportunities (Finnemore & Cunningham, 1995; Franks, Schurink & Fourie, 2006; Mostert, 2009; Van den Berg & Van Zyl, 2008). However, progress with gender transformation and equity in the South African workplace is still unsatisfactory (Anonymous, 2012; Du Plessis & Bark...

The Gender Earnings Gap in Britain The earnings gap between male and female employees is substantial and persistent. Using new data for Britain, this paper shows that an important contribution to this gap is made by the workplace in which the employee works. Evidence for workplace and occupational segregation as partial explanations of the earnings gap is presented. Having allowed also for indi...

The Digital Economy Act 2010 was hurried into existence in the dying days of the last Labour government, and contains powers designed to resist unauthorised file sharing that are due to be implemented by an Initial Obligations Code authored by Ofcom. Even before the Code has been published, there are several pre-existing key areas of the Act that contain significant evidential problems and pote...

The paper investigates whether low skilled male Albanians face unequal treatment in the Greek labour market, two years after the national adoption of the European antidiscrimination employment legislation. By means of a Correspondence Test we have estimated that Albanians face 43.5% net discrimination of access to occupations. Concentrating on the equal chance cases, we subsequently found that ...

Business representatives and union leaders in highly industrialised countries often accuse the governments of lessdeveloped countries of practising social dumping in the sense of deliberately neglecting work-place safety legislation, codetermination rights and other fringe benefits which define the quality of workplaces. This paper refutes this view by modelling the transition path of a less-de...

The theoretical effects of labour regulations such as employment protection legislation (EPL) on innovation is ambiguous, and empirical evidence has thus far been inconclusive. EPL increases job security and the greater enforceability of job contracts may increase worker investment in innovative activity. On the other hand EPL increases adjustment costs faced by firms, and this may lead to unde...

In recent years, the post-statutory UK education sectors have seen dramatic change in policy and focus, largely driven by the education policies of the New Labour government elected in 1997. This government's vision for education has cited a combination of widening access to post-statutory education and training and use of emerging technologies to achieve these aims. Reports such as the Dearing...

▪ In most European countries, there is some evidence that jobs became, and to an even greater extent were perceived to have become, increasingly insecure in the 1990s. In Switzerland, where unemployment has long been far lower than the European average, unemployment increased in the same period. Yet in general, job stability has remained remarkably constant in the past decade, and instability f...