Survey of sanitation conditions by qualitative sanitation measurement were carried out in three districts, Chachoengsao Province, Thailand. The sanitation of each household was assessed in terms of positive stool examination and scores of seven main sanitary activities which were used to classify each household's sanitation as hygienic or non-hygienic. Stool collections were made from each hous...

Purpose: This article aimed to know the popular knowledge about sanitary sewage in relation socioeconomic profile of participants.
 
 Theoretical framework: Corresponds searches scientific literature, legislation and standards technical data on social research basic sanitation.
 Method/design/approach: Due Covid-19 pandemic, survey was carried out virtually, with sharing an elect...

Sanitation improvement is crucial in saving lives that are lost due to water contamination. Progress towards achieving full sanitation coverage is still slow in low-income informal settlements in most developing countries. Furthermore, resources are being wasted on installing facilities that are later misused or never used because they do not meet the local demand. Understanding demand for impr...

Poverty, violence, lack of education, abuse and exploitation, and refugee status are among the primary determinants of the health of children worldwide. There are 1.3 billion people living on less than 1 US dollars per day. Half the world's population, 3 billion people, live on less than 1.30 US dollars per day. Of the 4.4 billion people who live in developing countries, 60% lack access to sani...

BACKGROUND Research suggests that the lived experience of inadequate sanitation may contribute to poor health outcomes above and beyond pathogen exposure, particularly among women. The goal of this research was to understand women's lived experiences of sanitation by documenting their urination-related, defecation-related and menstruation-related concerns, to use findings to develop a definitio...

OBJECTIVES To assess whether the joint effects of water and sanitation infrastructure, are acting antagonistically (redundant services preventing the same cases of diarrhoeal disease), independently, or synergistically; and to assess how these effects vary by country and over time. METHODS We used data from 217 Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 74 countries between 1986 and 2013. We...

Improved sanitation access is extremely low in rural Cambodia. Non-governmental organizations have helped build local supply side latrine markets to promote household latrine purchase and use, but households cite inability to pay as a key barrier to purchase. To examine the extent to which microfinance can be used to facilitate household investment in sanitation, we applied a twopronged assessm...

This paper provides an overview on the concept of closed loop sanitation systems. A brief outline has been given on existing sanitation facilities in India, ways to implement ecological sanitation and retrofitting of nutrient recovery systems into existing sanitation facilities. In recent times, though India has witnessed phenomenal development in water resources, access to adequate sanitation ...