There is a great amount of effort worldwide to understand the problems of shelter, access to land and security of tenure for the urban poor, but very little attention to the mechanics of policy implementation. In other words there is little attention to the practical or “engineering” side of designing, building and managing land administration infrastructures which facilitate shelter, security ...

Current land administration systems are the product of 19th century economic and land market paradigms and have failed to properly support sustainable development. The need for urgent reform is accepted, but the way forward unclear in many jurisdictions. This paper will discuss current international initiatives and research to develop a new land administration vision to promote sustainable deve...

Globalization is being driven by global economic integration, the spread of technology and the democratization of information. In the process it is fundamentally altering the way we think about economic, social and cultural development. This paper reviews what is meant by globalization from a variety of perspectives and then briefly examines the impact it is having on the land administration fi...

Currently there are no internationally accepted methodologies to evaluate and compare the performance of land administration systems. To engage in this discussion, the authors published a previous article proposing an evaluation framework, which – based on a management model – links the operational aspects of land administration with land policy. In this new article, the framework is being appl...

We define the notion of a Kirby element of a ribbon category C (not necessarily semisimple). Kirby elements lead to 3-manifolds invariants. We characterize a set of Kirby elements (in terms of the structural morphisms of a Hopf algebra in C) which is sufficiently large to recover the quantum invariants of 3-manifolds of Reshetikhin-Turaev, of Hennings-Kauffman-Radford, and of Lyubashenko. The c...

dry matter remobilization, grain filling rate and duration has principle role on rice grain yield, and environment condition directly affect on them. for study the influence of climate factors a factorial field experiment in randomized complete blocks design with three replications conducted at haraz extention and technology development centre in spring 2013. treatments included rice cultivars ...