Frost is damaging to plants when air temperature drops below their tolerance threshold. The set of mechanisms used by cold-tolerant withstand freezing called “hardening” and typically take place in autumn protect against winter damage. recent incorporation a hardening scheme the demographic vegetation model FATES opens up possibility investigate frost mortality vegetation. Previously, was impro...

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a crop of great economic importance for many countries the world, including Ukraine. One main reason limiting barley production in different regions Ukraine low-temperature stress. Prediction frost resistance development and choice resistant genotypes one tasks breeding. Applying tools molecular genetic analysis involves increasing efficiency traditional methods i...

Abstract. As temperatures decrease in autumn, vegetation of temperate and boreal ecosystems increases its tolerance to freezing. This process, known as hardening, results a set physiological changes at the molecular level that initiate modifications cell membrane composition synthesis anti-freeze proteins. Together with freezing extracellular water, proteins reduce plant water potentials xylem ...

Changes in temperature and daylength trigger physiological and seasonal developmental processes that enable evergreen trees of the boreal forest to withstand severe winter conditions. Climate change is expected to increase the autumn air temperature in the northern latitudes, while the natural decreasing photoperiod remains unaffected. As shown previously, an increase in autumn air temperature ...

Saffron is grown in arid and semi-arid regions in Iran in late autumn, winter and late spring with rainy season. It should be irrigated by supplemental basin irrigation. Since rainfall is usually delayed in autumn, therefore, a pre-flowering irrigation of about 100 mm is needed. In areas with a seasonal rainfall of 600 mm a post- flowering irrigation of about 50 mm is adequate for economical yi...

The aim of this study is to determine the serum copper (Cu) concentration found in Iranian Raeini cashmere goats in different seasonal and climatic conditions. Twenty four male (6 to 18 months old) and 48 female (6 to 18 and 18 to 30 months old) Raeini goats were selected from the station, rural, and nomadic flocks. The average Cu concentrations among the male and female goats were 0.5 ± 0.04 a...

European hares (Lepus europaeus) in central Europe have high energetic costs of reproduction, mainly due to precocial, rapidly growing young that rely largely on energy-rich milk. Thus, hares in this climate build up large fat stores during winter that are then gradually depleted during the spring-to-autumn breeding season. We hypothesized that the diminishing fat stores of females over the bre...

To better understand the sources of nitrogenous aerosols, particularly water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) and water-insoluble organic nitrogen (WION), in northeastern Asia, we measured total nitrogen (TN) and water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN) as well as nitrogen isotope ratios (δN) of TN (δNTN) and WSTN (δ NWSTN) in the total suspended particulate (TSP) samples collected from Sapporo, nort...

Several studies document lengthening of the frost-free season within the conterminous United States (U.S.) over the past century, and report trends in spring and fall frost timing that could stem from hemispheric warming. In the absence of warming, theory and case studies link anomalous frost timing to atmospheric circulation anomalies. However, recent efforts to relate a century of observed ch...