late spring frost usually damages flowers and reduces yield of almond trees. due to natural sexual reproduction, in most of almond orchards of qazvin province, iran, which have been established through seedling propagation, a vast genetic variation has been occurred. this situation has been provided many possibilities to study different traits of native almond genotypes, to select superior geno...

The behaviour of a male American black bear Ursus americanus was observed for over 2400 h across all seasons of the year. Stereotypic pacing was most frequent, oriented away from the exhibit, and performed mainly after feeding during the period May-July; from August-November pacing was oriented towards the exhibit and performed mainly around feeding time. Placing bear odors in the enclosure sli...

Seasonal polyphenisms are widespread in nature, yet the selective pressures responsible for their evolution remain poorly understood. Previous work has largely focussed either on the developmental regulation of seasonal polyphenisms or putative 'top-down' selective pressures such as predation that may have acted to drive phenotypic divergence. Much less is known about the influence of seasonal ...

The temporal changes in dissolved inorganic (DIC) and organic carbon concentrations (DOC) were monitored from late autumn to spring 2006 in the Scholaert Channel, West Antarctic Peninsula. Surface DIC spanned a small range (2163.3 to 2194.5mmol kg), increasing from late autumn to winter and then decreasing in spring. An excess of DOC (7.0–63.6mmol l), against a deepwater background concentratio...

Traditional perception of how tallgrass prairie responds to fire at times other than late spring is either anecdotal or extrapolated from studies that lack spatial or temporal variability. Therefore, we evaluated patterns of change in vegetation cover, species richness, diversity, and aboveground biomass production on 2 different topographic positions from ungrazed watersheds that were burned a...

A bottom mounted upward looking Simrad EK60 120-kHz echo sounder was used to study scattering layers (SLs) and individuals of the krill Meganyctiphanes norvegica. The mooring was situated at 150-m depth in the Oslofjord, connected with an onshore cable for power and transmission of digitized data. Records spanned 5 months from late autumn to spring. A current meter and CTD was associated with t...

Temperate species of turtles hatch from eggs in late summer. The hatchlings of some species leave their natal nest to hibernate elsewhere on land or under water, whereas others usually remain inside the nest until spring; thus, post-hatching behavior strongly influences the hibernation ecology and physiology of this age class. Little is known about the habitats of and environmental conditions a...

High yielding irrigated hard red winter wheat (HRW, Triticum aestivum L.) is frequently low in protein and marketed at a discount. Protein is affected by available nitrogen (N) but few published reports relate to N fertilization practices for producing high yielding irrigated hard red winter wheat with acceptable protein in arid environments. A three year study (1985–1987) was conducted (1) to ...

This study was done to investigate the effects of varying dietary protein levels (DPLs) and season on fecal microbes and odorous compounds in growing and finishing pigs. Thirty-six Landrace pigs were blocked based on their body weight and within each block assigned to one of the three dietary treatments (3 replicates (pens) per treatment). The DPLs used in the growing stage were 142.7, 155.4 an...