Sensory information that arises in orofacial organs facilitates exploratory, ingestive, and defensive behaviors that are essential to overall fitness and survival. Because the hypothalamus plays an important role in the execution of these behaviors, sensory signals conveyed by the trigeminal nerve must be available to this brain structure. Recent anatomical studies have shown that a large numbe...

Two groups of 8 rats with unilateral cannulas aimed at the lateral hypothalamus (LH) or nucleus accumbens (nAcc) were trained in a T-maze to receive intracerebral injections of dopamine as a reinforcement for choosing the proper arm of the maze. Neither in the LH nor in the nAcc groups did dopamine show evident reinforcing properties comparable to those found earlier for noradrenaline.

Central effects of insulin on 20 min. food intake were studied in rats. Insulin administration in the lateral ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) did not alter food intake in the intact or lesioned ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) rats. Whereas, after insulin injection in VMH there was a decrease in food intake. In VMH lesioned rats, subcutaneous injection of insulin increased food intake.

Discovery of the leptin receptor and its downstream peptidergic pathways has reconfirmed the crucial role of the hypothalamus in the regulation of food intake and energy balance. Strategically located in the midst of the mammalian neuraxis, the hypothalamus receives at least three distinct types of relevant information via direct or indirect neural connections as well as hormone receptors and s...

-Lateral wall: thalamus superioposteriorly and hypothalamus anterioinferiorly with hypothalamic sulcus in between (running from foramen of Munro to aqueduct). Thalamic adhesion or Massa intermedia exists in 60% of people. Numerous limbic projections course through this wall (stria medullaris, thalamomammillary tract, median forebrain bundle and fasciculus retroflexus), hence the deficit in shor...

Implantation of testosterone pellets in the brain or pituitary of male and female parr caused an increase in pituitary gonadotropin, and in males tended to stimulate spermatogenesis. The most effective implant locations were the nucleus lateral tuberis in the ventrobasal hypothalamus and the pituitary. This influence of testosterone on the brain and pituitary may be involved in control of preco...

In seven mongrel dogs the syndrome of depression was evoked by bilateral electrolytic lesions in lateral hypothalamus and/or dorsomedial amygdala. The effects of tricyclic antidepressants on general mood, spinal reflexes recorded by electromyographic method, and head rate were tested. The reactivity to most external stimuli was increased and general depression was slightly reduced.

Neurochemical differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis between individuals and between ages may contribute to differential susceptibility to cocaine abuse. This study measured peptide levels in the pituitary gland (Pit) and lateral hypothalamus (LH) in adolescent (age 30 days) and adult (age 65 days) mice from four standard inbred strains, FVB/NJ, DBA/2J, C57BL/6J, and BALB/cByJ, which ha...

BACKGROUND The melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1), which is highly expressed in the lateral hypothalamus, plays a key role in energy homeostasis, obesity and other endocrine diseases. Hence, there is a major interest in in vivo imaging of this receptor. A PET tracer would allow non-invasive in vivo visualization and quantification of the MCHR1. The aim of the study was the ex vivo...

We have studied the neuroanatomic extent of electroconvulsive (ECS)-responsive prepro-TRH and TRH-related gene expression and its possible interaction with forced swimming. Young adult male Wistar rats were treated in a 2x2 Latin square protocol of swimming, no swimming, three daily ECS or sham ECS. Sixteen different brain regions were dissected and immunoreactivity measured for TRH (pGlu-His-P...