BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In addition to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, small, dense LDL particles and oxidative modification of LDL have been linked to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The present study was aimed at investigating the association between carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and LDL particle size and susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in vitro in asymptomatic...

BACKGROUND Small dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) is an atherogenic lipoprotein closely associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, a precise analysis of the actual amount of sd-LDL-cholesterol (sd-LDL-C) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been performed. METHODS AND RESULTS Among 214 patients enrolled in the present study, 101 patients (47%) met...

Introduction. Currently, there is no unified treatment algorithm of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim the study was to investigate effects simvastatin (SIM) and -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (-3 PUFAs) on blood lipid profile insulin resistance (IR) definite neuropathy. Materials methods. involved 72 T2DM CAN. Patients were divided in...

We previously described the hypercholesterolemia of pigs with defined apolipoprotein B (apo B) alleles associated with reduced binding of low density lipoprotein (LDL) to its receptor in vitro and slow clearance from the circulation in vivo. The increased plasma LDL in the hypercholesterolemic pigs was confined to a buoyant LDL subspecies. Because of this qualitative change in the LDL subspecie...

BACKGROUND Friedewald equation is the most widely used method for estimating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level. However, due to potential over- or underestimation, many studies have used a modified equation. This study aimed to compare estimates by 4 different equations to directly measured LDL-C concentrations in order to propose the most appropriate method for LDL-C estimation...

We previously identified a defect in the in vivo catabolism of low density lipoprotein (LDL) from hypercholesterolemic pigs carrying a mutant apolipoprotein B allele. In the present studies, we examined the in vitro metabolism of mutant LDL in cultured pig fibroblasts. A 3-fold higher concentration of mutant LDL (compared to control) was needed to displace 50% of control 125I-LDL binding. Mutan...

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is non-atherogenic, while oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) is critical to atherosclerosis. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has anti-atherosclerotic effect with largely unknown mechanisms. The present study aimed to determine if NAC could attenuate in vivo LDL oxidation and inhibit atherosclerosis. A single dose of human native LDL was injected intravenously into male C57BL/6 mice with...

Hypercholesterolemic human LDL contains oxidized subfractions that have atherogenic properties. Paradoxically, atherosclerosis incidence is low in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), a disease characterized by marked increases in plasma LDL, including the LDL subfraction lipoprotein-X (Lp-X). To investigate the mechanisms underlying this paradox, we first examined the propensity to o...

Label Distribution Learning (LDL) is a general learning framework that assigns an instance to distribution over set of labels rather than single label or multiple labels. Current LDL methods have proven their effectiveness in many real-life machine applications. However, generalization the classification task and as such it exposed same problems standard algorithms, including class-imbalanced, ...

Introduction Astaxanthin (ASX) is carotenoid with the highest antioxidant activity in various cell types and reverse atherosclerosis. However, roles detailed mechanisms of ASX atherosclerosis associated endothelial injury remains unclear. Methods In vitro model was established HUVECs by incubation oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Cell viability oxidative stress were measured. The mRNA...