To optimize plant architecture (e.g., photosynthetic active leaf area, leaf-stem ratio), plant physiologists and plant breeders rely on destructively and tediously harvested biomass samples. A fast and non-destructive method for obtaining information about different plant organs could be vehicle-based spectral proximal sensing. In this 3-year study, the mobile phenotyping platform PhenoTrac 4 w...

Earth's future carbon balance and regional carbon exchange dynamics are inextricably linked to plant photosynthesis. Spectral vegetation indices are widely used as proxies for vegetation greenness and to estimate state variables such as vegetation cover and leaf area index. However, the capacity of green leaves to take up carbon can change throughout the season. We quantify photosynthetic capac...

Large quantities of sodic and alkaline bauxite residue are produced globally as a by-product from alumina refineries. Ecological stoichiometry of key elements [nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)] plays a critical role in establishing vegetation cover in bauxite residue sand (BRS). Here we examined how changes in soil chemical properties over time in rehabilitated sodic and alkaline BRS affected le...

Conservative parallel simulation protocols are such that each logical process (LP) in the simulation execute events only when it is certain that there will not be any time-order causality violation. Examples of conservative protocols include the asynchronous ChandyMisra-Bryant (CMB) algorithm [2], and synchronous algorithms such as that described in [1,6]. In all these protocols, time-guarantee...

PURPOSE To assess the prevalence and treatment outcomes of angle-closure mechanisms other than pupillary block in a population of Brazilian patients. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted to evaluate patients who had undergone laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) due to occludable angles at a single institution between July 2009 and April 2012. An occludable angle was defined as an e...

In this paper, we aim to detect crop injury from glyphosate, a herbicide, by both traditionally used spectral indices and newly extracted features with leaf hyperspectral reflectance data for non-Glyphosate-Resistant (non-GR) soybean and non-GR cotton. The new features were extracted by canonical analysis technique, which could provide the largest separability to distinguish the injured leaves ...

Genetic improvement in sorghum breeding programs requires the assessment of adaptation traits in small-plot breeding trials across multiple environments. Many of these phenotypic assessments are made by manual measurement or visual scoring, both of which are time consuming and expensive. This limits trial size and the potential for genetic gain. In addition, these methods are typically restrict...

For leaves, the light-capturing surface area per unit dry mass investment (specific leaf area, SLA) is a key trait from physiological, ecological and biophysical perspectives. To address whether SLA declines with leaf size, as hypothesized due to increasing costs of support in larger leaves, we compiled data on intraspecific variation in leaf dry mass (LM) and leaf surface area (LA) for 6334 le...

Locality Preserving Indexing (LPI) has been quite successful in tackling document analysis problems, such as clustering or classification. The approach relies on the Locality Preserving Criterion, which preserves the locality of the data points. However, LPI takes every word in a data corpus into account, even though many words may not be useful for document clustering. To overcome this problem...

Phospholipids are subjected to remodeling through the Lands cycle to attain appropriate FA compositions. In recent years, at least two families of lysophospholipid acyltransferases have been identified. Acyl-CoA lysocardiolipin acyltransferase 1 (ALCAT1) was initially identified as a microsomal lysocardiolipin acyltransferase. However, the physiological relevance of how this enzyme is involved ...