In force-based seismic design, the behavior factor q (or response modification R) is devised to prevent overdesign by reducing design force. Different values of are available for various structure types. However, masonry fence walls not categorized in current codes. These poor quality due absence proper assurance and maintenance, most those structures inclined. this study, leaning experimentall...

Poplar 69 (Populus deltoides Bartr. cv. ‘Lux’ (I-69/55)) was chosen for a pot experiment to study the growth and extraction of Cd from soil various parts one-year-old trees growing in upright artificial leaning (45°) patterns under different stress. The results indicated considerable tolerance both poplar (UP) (LP) stress soil, though with significant inhibition application. LP demonstrated sig...