The legal 'tests' for suicide liability in negligence and workmen's compensation law have developed along parallel, but not identical, lines to the tests for criminal responsibility. Current legal precedent has shifted the focus from cognitive awareness and irresistible impulse theories to the ability of a negligent act or injury to cause an abnormal mental state. The courts, in their variable ...

This paper should be regarded as a sequel to a paper by Holley, Stroock and the author. Its primary purpose is to provide further illustration of the application of the dual-process method. The main result is that if d > 2 and <p is the characteristic function of an aperiodic random walk on Zd, then there is precisely one Feller semigroup on the ¿-dimensional torus with generator extending A = ...

The German Codetermination Law grants workers of establishments with 200 or more employees the right to have a works councillor fully exempted from his regular job while still being paid his regular salary. We analyze theoretically and empirically how this de jure right to paid leave of absence translates into practice and explicitly take into account the nature of the industrial relations part...

n Many studies reported a decline in minors’ abortion rate associated with parental involvement laws. However, most of these studies did not measure abortions among minors who leave the state, or stop coming into the state, because of the law. Studies in Mississippi and Massachusetts, which incorporated data on minors traveling out of state, found no effect on the abortion rate, while one in Te...

We discuss three dimensional compact QED with a θ term due to an axionic field. The variational gauge invariant functional is considered and it is shown that the ground state energy is independent of θ in a leading approximation. The mass gap of the axionic field is found to be dependent upon θ, the mass gap of the photon field and the scalar potential. The vacuum expectation of the Wilson loop...

Despite a sizeable literature on the labour market effects of maternity leave regulations women in developed countries, how these policies affect women’s work developing countries with large informal sector remains poorly understood. This study examines extending requirement affects decisions to or formal Viet Nam. We use difference-in-differences approach evaluate 2012 Amendment Nam Labour Law...